Active clinical trials for "Sleep Deprivation"

Unhealthy sleep and cardiometabolic risk are two major public health concerns in emerging Black/African American (BAA) adults. Evidence-based sleep interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) are available but not aligned with the needs of this at-risk group. Innovative work on the development of an artificial intelligence sleep chatbot using CBT-I guidelines will provide scalable and efficient sleep interventions for emerging BAA adults.

Sleep restriction increases overnight and early morning non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels, which are correlated with whole-body decreases in insulin sensitivity, consistent with the observed impairment of intracellular insulin signaling. Adipose tissue biopsies from sleep restricted subjects that are insulin stimulated have reduced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (pAKT). This protein is involved in suppression of intracellular lipolysis and NEFA release. Aerobic exercise has beneficial effects on postprandial lipemia and insulinemia in normal-weight and obese individuals. Acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (30-90 min) performed 12-18 h before an oral fat tolerance test or mixed meal test reduces postprandial triglycerides (TG) and insulin concentrations. This response is largely dependent upon the exercise-induced energy deficit as the response is abolished when the calories expended during exercise are replaced. However, it is not known if sleep restriction will interfere with the beneficial effects of prior exercise on postprandial lipemia. The aim of this project is to investigate if sleep restriction negates the positive effect that exercise has on postprandial lipemia. It is hypothesized that sleep restriction will negate the beneficial effects of prior exercise on postprandial lipemia. Additionally sleep restriction will result in a worsening of the lipid profile compared to no exercise. For the proposed study, the investigators will use a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) (4 study conditions (no exercise+ sleep restriction, no exercise+normal sleep, exercise+normal sleep, exercise+sleep restriction) x time will be used to analyze changes in NEFA and TG concentrations while a one way ANOVA will be used to analyze area under the curve of the NEFA and TG concentrations.

To develop an easy-to-use measurement tool for monitoring fatigue and alertness, particularly in sleep-deprived subjects.

Sleep deprivation is known to affect brain function but is often ignored in the sickest patients including those in the intensive care unit after major surgery. In these patients, the levels of melatonin can also be altered. Melatonin is a hormone secreted in the brain that maintains the body's sleep-wake, or circadian, cycle. The investigators want to test whether improving sleep quality affects the risk of developing confusion (delirium) in patients having clot removed from their lung (open heart surgery). In order to improve sleep quality, the investigators will conduct a study of Ramelteon, a medication that mimics the activity of melatonin and measure its effects on levels of melatonin and monitor sleep.

While the negative impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive processing and the partial reversal of this phenomenon by caffeine are well known, the types of cognitive processing previously studied have been limited to simple, straight-forward laboratory tasks. It is unclear how sleep deprivation and caffeine affect performance on operationally relevant complex cognitive tasks, like those encountered by working professionals such as doctors. This study aims to uncover how sleep deprivation and caffeine impact two types of clinical reasoning processes encountered by physicians on a daily basis. Previous work from members of our team investigated diagnostic reasoning in medical professionals and discovered that brain activation in executive processing areas was modulated by self-reported sleepiness and burnout and level of expertise (Durning, Costanzo, et al., 2013; Durning et al., 2014, 2015). The current study aims to expand upon those findings by also investigating a potentially more complex type of clinical reasoning, i.e. therapeutic reasoning, and directly manipulating sleep and caffeine use in a controlled sleep laboratory. Medical students, residents, and board-certified physicians will undergo thirty-seven hours of sleep deprivation and ten hours of sleep recovery in the sleep laboratory. During two FMRI scan sessions we will present high-quality validated multiple-choice questions on common patient situations in internal medicine to participants to explore brain activity during therapeutic reasoning compared with diagnostic reasoning. One FMRI scan will occur following a night of sleep deprivation, and another scan will occur following a night of recovery sleep. Additionally, half of the participants will receive caffeine gum during the sleep deprivation period, while the other half will receive placebo gum. This design will allow us to study the effect of sleep deprivation and caffeine on the neural correlates of diagnostic and therapeutic reasoning and performance in general.

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the impacts of an attachment-based intervention (Attachment Biobehavioral Catch-Up (ABC) and Home Book-of-the-Week (HBOW) program on emerging health outcomes (i.e., common childhood illnesses, body mass index, and sleep) in low-income Latino children (N=260; 9 months at enrollment). It is hypothesized that children randomized to ABC will have better health outcomes in comparison to the HBOW control group.

The proposed study aims to evaluate if improving sleep could enhance the intensive lifestyle intervention for improving weight loss and glycemic control in prediabetic individuals who have insomnia with short sleep duration. A cognitive behavioral intervention for insomnia with adjustments aimed at increasing sleep duration (CBT-Sleep) will be used for this study.

In a laboratory protocol in healthy adults, exposed to a prolonged period of wakefulness with a restricted opportunity for sleep (40h of wakefulness / 3h of sleep / 21h of wakefulness), we hypothesize that the relative increase in spectral power of Delta waves [ 1 - 4 Hz] in NREM in the frontal territory, identified as a potential marker of the restorative function of sleep, during a night of sleep with limited recovery (3 h of time in bed) after sleep deprivation (40 h of continuous wakefulness), will be less important in subjects with poor recovery in terms of cognitive performance than in those with good recovery.

The objective of this clinical study is to develop solutions for the evaluation and management of drowsiness, based on 2 EEG sensors only, aiming at reducing the risk of accidents related to secondary hypersomnolence (sleepiness induced by sleep restriction or abnormal sleep/wake cycle). This project will allow a better understanding of the determinants of drowsiness and its impact on cognitive performance and the development of methods and models for the evaluation and prediction of cognitive performance deficit related to sleepiness. The secondary hypersomnolence will be objectified by continuous EEG recording and analysed by visual reading according to Objective Sleepiness Scale (OSS) criteria and automatically analyzed using the MEEGAWAKE algorithm (developed by PHYSIP). The level of secondary hypersomnolence will be modified by varying the duration and maintening of prior sleep or the sleep timing. The ability to stay awake will be measured by the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT). Subjective sleepiness and mind wandering will be measured before and/or after all measurements. Simulated driving task, maintenance of wakefulness tests and several cognitive tasks to measure sustained attention, alertness, selective attention will be performed every 4 hours.

Sleep deprivation has been found to impact exercise performance. The effects of both partial (several hours) and full (24+ hours) sleep deprivation on exercise performance has shown effects on rating of perceived exertion, rate of oxygen consumption, respiratory exchange ratio, and heart rate. A common practice with athletes is to perform regular physiological testing (submaximal and maximal) in order to assess their fitness and to determine training intensities. However, the effects of sleep deprivation on those same physiological test results has not been investigated Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of partial sleep deprivation on physiological test results.