Active clinical trials for "Fractures, Stress"

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of a single dose of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on post-exercise markers of bone and muscle metabolism.

Stress, anxiety, distress, and burnout are exceptionally high among healthcare workers at the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic. The understanding of factors underlying distress and resilience in complex workplace contexts is limited, and there are limited evidence-based interventions for stress and moral distress among frontline healthcare workers. The purpose of this study is to use a Digital Intervention Suite (a combination of Virtual Reality [VR], a web-based platform, and a wearable [Oura Ring]) to understand and reduce the experience of stress/distress faced by nursing professionals.

Transcranial infrared laser stimulation is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique. The study will examine the effect of transcranial infrared laser stimulation on cardiovascular and metabolic responses to stress.

In this feasibility study the investigators are using a setup of stress-related body sensors including established as well as innovative sensor-based measures to identify predictor profiles for alcohol-related behavioral and neural measures in Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Long-term aim is the definition of a setup of mobile sensors and their integration in a mobile infrastructure that allows the prediction of stress related alcohol intake in an ambulatory setting.

Higher-weight individuals face pervasive weight-related stigma and discrimination in their daily lives. There is conceptual and empirical evidence to suggest that weight stigma contributes to worse physical and psychological health outcomes, mediated by the deleterious psychobiological responses to psychosocial stress. Activating self-soothing emotional states (such as self-compassion) may protect against this psychobiological cascade, conferring resilience to negative social evaluation (such as weight stigma). This proof-of-concept study aims to establish the feasibility of an experimental protocol testing whether an acute self-compassion intervention can attenuate the psychobiological stress response to induced weight-based social-evaluative threat. Participants will be randomized into either self-compassion intervention or rest control groups. A standard body composition assessment will be used to induce weight stigma among young women who self-identify as "higher-weight." Stress-sensitive biomarkers (i.e., salivary cortisol and heart-rate variability) along with psychological indices of self-conscious emotions will be used to quantify the psychobiological stress response. This novel pilot study will contribute to efforts to understand the psychobiological processes by which self-compassion facilitates adaptive responding to acute stress, and will help inform future tests of interventions focused on mitigating the harmful health effects of social stigma.

Stress is a complex natural phenomenon, frequently related to a physiological response, including heart rate, heart rate variability, respiratory rate, skin conductance and temperature. The subjective experience varies greatly; broadly, it may be conceived as a freeze, flight, fight, fright or faint response. Many studies have demonstrated the negative influence of psychological stress on health and well-being. Through the digital phenotyping of physiological and psychological stress reactions, in a controlled laboratory setting (Trier Social Stress Test- TSST) and real-life situations, in a population of healthy participants and patients with a major psychiatric disorder, we expect to find reliable and valid digital biomarkers. The results of this study will, therefore, not only contribute to a better understanding of stress and stress response but also have the potential to improve diagnostic and treatment approaches.

The main objective of this study is to find whether supplemental vitamin d and calcium can reduce the incidence of stress fractures in recruits. These high-risk recruits undergo intensive training which elevated bone turnover, which requires adequate level of vitamin D and calcium in order to support bone health. It is hypothesized that supplemental vitamin d and calcium will decrease the occurrence of stress fractures.

Goal 1: The investigators will quantify lifetime stress burden and examine mechanisms linking Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and health. The investigators will quantify the early life and total lifetime stress burden of a representative sample of about 725 adults (aged 18+) across northern and southern California. In addition, the investigators will examine how prior life stress exposure and current stress levels are associated with differences in psychosocial, immune, metabolic, physiologic, and clinical outcomes for all participants at baseline. Goal 2: The investigators will develop and test a biopsychosocial intervention using existing programs, platforms, resources, and core components from trauma and resilience research that will target five stress-related domains (i.e., cognitive response style, social relationships, eating, sleep, and physical activity) using cognitive restructuring and mindfulness, interpersonal skills training, mindful eating training, sleep training, and behavioral activation/mobility training. The investigators will then assess the efficacy and acceptability of the intervention in about 425 high stress exposure participants from Goal 1. Following their baseline assessment, about 425 participants will be randomly assigned to receive for 12 weeks (a) personalized intervention, (b) environmental education (active control) or (c) nothing (non-active control). The investigators will also assess the efficacy of the personalized intervention by comparing changes in outcomes by condition from baseline (prior to randomization) to immediately after the intervention, and then again after 12 weeks following intervention completion. The interventions will be entirely online/remote.

Meniscus injuries are a very common cause of knee pain. The meniscus is a semilunar fibrocartilage structure found on the medial and lateral sides of the knee. The meniscus serves to absorb impact and protect the articular cartilage during weight-bearing activities, joint stability, proprioception, and nutrition. This has a significant effect on knee biomechanics. After the menisci are injured, the biomechanics of the knee change so that degenerative changes occur more frequently in the tibiofemoral compartment. Improvement of tibiofemoral arthrosis after meniscectomy surgery has been demonstrated in several long-term clinical studies. With increasing awareness of the importance of the meniscus in knee biomechanics, various meniscus repair techniques have been developed. In addition, several adjuvants for healing have been proposed to enhance meniscus healing. However, a study showed the meniscal repair failure rate increased from 22% to 24% at 5 years. Study found the healing rate of meniscus repair, which was accompanied by ACL repair, had a greater healing rate, 93% vs. 50%. Hemarthrosis that occurs after bony tunneling during ACL reconstruction provides a fibrin clot and an environment rich in factors that promote healing of the newly repaired meniscus. The fibrin clot provides the structural foundation for meniscus healing. Transmission factors, such as fibronectin and growth factors, are also present. Microfracture is a common procedure used for the treatment of damage to the articular cartilage in the knee. This procedure is used to stimulate the production of fibrocartilage in areas of injured cartilage. Microfractures are performed by creating 1 or more small channels (1 to 3 mm in size) that pierce the subchondral bone and release bone-forming components into the joint. Microfractures serve to promote the formation of fibrocartilage over damaged cartilage. Research in 2016 used an animal model (Capra hircus) to investigate the effectiveness of the microfracture technique on meniscus tear healing rates. They found significant healing in meniscal repair accompanied by microfracture technique (65% vs 12%). However there is still not enough research regarding the efficacy of microfracture in meniscal healing, especially among Indonesian. Therefore, the investigators aim to investigate its efficacy.

Stress is important for health. As emergency departments (EDs) are often stressful places, a better understanding of the human stress response is important for understanding how and why patients respond as they do when they come to the ED. Since the investigators cannot take up space in the ED for research, the investigators will instead recruit 20 methamphetamine-using participants who are not currently in treatment and 10 healthy adult matched participants to a simulated ED room in the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Simulation Center. The investigators will have participants perform a stressor task involving public speaking and a simple arithmetic task. The investigators will see if this experiment can be made to be like being in an actual ED by varying what participants speak about in the task. By doing this, the investigators hope to find out several important things: 1) Is a stressor task feasible and acceptable to participants? 2) What does the stress response -- as measured by cortisol and alpha-amylase -- look like in these participants? 3) Does varying what participants talk about make the experiment seem more like an actual ED? 4) Do participants under stress show even mild symptoms of agitation as measured by clinical scales? If so, how often?