Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Sounds"

The aim of the study is to investigate whether inhaled corticosteroids after a first hospital admission for acute dyspnea and wheeze is effective in reducing subsequent episodes of these complaints in children aged 1 to 4 years.

Wheezing is common in preschool children and affects quality of life. Although asthma treatments such as inhaled steroids (ICS), which reduce swelling (inflammation) in the airways are used in this age group, they are often ineffective. That is because only some preschool children have the type of inflammation (known as Type 2 inflammation) that responds to ICS, thus many children are being unnecessarily exposed to side effects. It is difficult diagnosing Type 2 inflammation through history and examination, thus other indicators are needed to ensure ICS are only given to children who will benefit. These indicators are commonly known as biomarkers, and we are trying to find out if they are useful. We want to measure three biomarkers, without changing children's treatment. The first is blood eosinophils. which can be measured using a finger prick sample (like the blood drop used for measuring sugar levels in diabetic children). The second is to determine if allergic sensitization is present to allergens that are breathed in; these will be house dust mite, grass pollen, tree pollen, cat and dog hair. The final biomarker is a molecule that is produced in the airways of preschool children with Type 2 inflammation, called nitric oxide (NO). This is easily obtained, by having children breathe through a mask and collecting their breath in a bag, measuring NO later on. The children will be followed up with monthly electronic questionnaires and 3-monthly visits (virtual or face-to-face) for a year to evaluate whether these markers individually or in combination relate to subsequent wheezing outcomes, and how acceptable the measurements are to families using a questionnaire and focus group approach. The results will form the basis of the design of a national trial of biomarker-driven therapy in such children.

The purpose of this study is to study interactions between genes, lifestyle environmental factors like foods, nutritional supplements and non-invasive medical devices and health factors that can be measured without specialized medical equipment in order to develop lifestyle recommendations tailored to individual genetics for a host of common chronic health conditions.

This study collects data on microbiological, genetic and environmental factors, as well as lung function parameters (e.g. spirometry, body plethysmography, lung-MRI) to assess the complex interaction of predisposing risk factors for impaired lung development and respiratory diseases.

The study is video assisted cross-over study evaluating the effect of inhaled salbutamol in wheeze in children 6-24 months old.

Metered dose inhalers with spacers are devices capable of providing higher rates of lung deposition of drugs such as beta agonists when compared to conventional nebulizers, but there is no consensus about the optimal dose when this is the device of choice and there is evidence that younger children need proportionally higher doses of albuterol (in μg/kg) when compared to older children. Other factors that may interfere with response to albuterol treatment include the genetics of the beta adrenergic receptor (ADRβ2) and infectious etiology of the wheezing attack. This study will assess the effectiveness of a dose regimen that prioritizes higher doses of albuterol, with doses in μg/kg higher for younger children. Security of this new dosing regimen will be assessed by monitoring clinical side effects and serum levels of albuterol, but the investigators will also examine the presence of 12 different respiratory viruses in these patients and evaluate the influence of ADRβ2 receptor genetics in the response to albuterol. The primary outcome measure will be the need for hospitalization. Secondary outcomes will include a change in clinical score, respiratory rate and forced expiratory volume in the first second, the need for additional treatments and length of stay in the emergency room for those not hospitalized.

The main objective of the APW-RSV II clinical trial is to evaluate if the addition of azithromycin to routine bronchiolitis care, among infants hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis, reduces the occurrence of recurrent wheeze during the preschool years.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether Probiotics promote reduction of recurrent wheezing in infants, stimulating the immune system to Th1 response.

The Acetaminophen Versus Ibuprofen in Children with Asthma study will test the primary hypothesis that in preschool children 12-59 months of age with persistent asthma on standardized asthma therapy, the number of asthma exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids will be more frequent in children randomized to receive acetaminophen as compared to those randomized to receive ibuprofen on an as needed basis for fevers and pain.

The goal of this observational study is to test whether it is possible to detect particular lung sounds that are unique to patients with the lung disease pulmonary fibrosis and whether any such sounds could be analysed using machine learning to make diagnosing disease easier. Participants will have a sound detection device placed in different locations on the chest and audio sounds will be recorded for analysis. Researchers will compare audio recordings from clinically diagnosed patients with recordings from healthy controls of a similar age to see whether the sounds are sufficiently different within that age group.