Active clinical trials for "Substance-Related Disorders"

The study is a crossover randomised controlled trial. Alcohol or cocaine dependent participants will be recruited from inpatient and outpatient psychiatric treatment centres, on the approval of their treating physician. A healthy control group will be recruited using online advertising. All participants will undergo each of three conditions in a randomised order; 1) 20 minutes of cycle ergometry at 50-60% of maximum heart rate; 2) 20 minutes of exercise at 70-80% of maximum heart rate; 3) 20 minutes of quiet reading. Immediately before and after each condition, participants will be asked to complete a computerised Stroop test, watch a film containing substance-related images, and self-report craving levels. During the Stroop test and film viewing, participants' neural activity will be measured via functional near-infrared spectroscopy

Background: Cocaine use disorders (CUD) is a complex brain disorder, involving several brain areas and neurocircuits. Effective treatments for CUD are still needed. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) stimulates non-invasively parts of the brain. Preliminary data suggest that rTMS may help reducing cocaine craving and consumption. Researchers want to learn how the brain and the drug-seeking behavior may change with this treatment. Objectives: To test if rTMS can reduce cocaine craving and use, and also affect several mood, behavioral and cognitive alterations associated with prolonged cocaine use. Eligibility: Healthy, right-handed adults ages 18-65 who do have cocaine use disorder (moderate to severe). Design: This is a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study. The study includes three phases: 1) a rTMS continued treatment phase; a rTMS follow-up; and a no rTMS follow-up. Prior to participating, participants will be screened with: Questionnaires Medical history Physical exam Urine tests MRI (structural) After being enrolled, baseline behavioral and imaging data will be collected. In particular, participants will undergo: Questionnaires Functional MRI During the continued rTMS phase, participants with cocaine use disorder will be randomized to receive real or fake rTMS. Repetitive TMS will be delivered during 10 outpatient treatment days, over 2 weeks (5 days/week). Following this phase, subjects will have 12 follow-up visits (once/weekly), during which they will receive rTMS, and behavioral and imaging assessments will be performed. At the end of the rTMS follow up period, participants will further receive 3 follow up visits (once a month), during which rTMS will not be performed, but behavioral data will be collected. Treatment includes: rTMS: A coil is placed on the head. A brief electrical current passes through the coil. At each visit, participants will receive two rTMS sessions, with a 1hr interval between sessions. At the beginning of each rTMS session, they view cocaine-related images for few minutes. MRIs at baseline and at follow-up visit #12: Participants lie on a table that slides into a cylinder that takes pictures of the brain. They respond to images while in the scanner. Repeat of screening tests and questionnaires Urine toxicological screen

This pilot study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of the Impact of Crime (IOC) group intervention for jail inmates. The hypothesis is that participants in IOC will show decreases in criminogenic thinking, decreases in shame, increases in guilt, and increases in empathy, which in turn will be reflected in reduced recidivism (official records and self report), relative to those randomly assigned to a treatment as usual group.

The primary aim of this research is to test the efficacy of innovative, brief alcohol abuse prevention strategies that integrate positive youth development messages and health risk messages for adolescents in high school settings. A secondary aim is to examine these strategies in various combinations as interventions and re-interventions (i.e., boosters) for sustaining or enhancing behavior change over time. These strategies are founded upon an emerging conceptual framework titled the Behavior-Image Model emanating from findings of our recent trials examining multiple behavior health interventions. The long-term objective of this project is to reduce alcohol abuse and problems among older high-risk adolescents for whom alcohol and drug use disparities exist, yet who are often overlooked in prevention research and services.

The primary purpose of this research is to develop and evaluate the short-term efficacy of an innovative multiple behavior screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (MB-SBIRT) model using social images and future self-images to simultaneously link and reduce prescription and other co-occurring drug use behaviors among emerging adults in a primary care setting serving a racially and economically diverse community. The long term objective of this research is to cost-effectively reduce prescription and illicit drug abuse, along with alcohol and tobacco consumption, and improve health-related quality of life among high-risk emerging adults often ignored in intervention research and services.

The goal of the project is to develop and test an internet/intranet-based Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (iSBIRT) system for adolescents that targets a broad range of serious health-risks and problem behaviors.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the Impact of Crime (IOC) group intervention with jail inmates reduces post-release recidivism, substance abuse, and HIV risk behavior.

The main purpose of this study is to examine whether improved integration between the community supervision system and outpatient addiction treatment system can improve treatment adherence, drug use and public safety outcomes among drug-involved inmates re-entering the community.

The main purpose of this project is to test whether Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing (PMI) results in superior alcohol and marijuana use outcomes for emerging adults (EAs, ages 18-29) and their peers. Ninety peer dyads (total n = 180, ntarget client = 90, npeer = 90) are randomized to receive either Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing (PMI) or Waitlist Control (WC).

This research study proposes to embed HIV testing outreach workers from a young adult focused medical and HIV treatment program into an alternative sentencing program to deliver a new service delivery model (Link2CARE) that integrates evidence-based protocols for justice-involved young adults to: a) promote HIV and STI testing, and HIV and SU risk screening, b) provide onsite intervention, and c) cross-system linkage to HIV, STI, and SU care. Phase 1 has already been completed. In phase 1, the intervention components were adapted for use among justice involved young adults and the resulting protocols were piloted with justice involved young adults, finalizing the resulting 4-session Link2CARE intervention. In phase 2, we will test Link2CARE among N=450 justice-involved young adults enrolled at the alternative sentencing program and conduct process evaluations with N=15 alternative sentencing program staff.