Active clinical trials for "Deglutition Disorders"

Dysphagia in Parkinson's disease(PD) is common and its presence is related to motor and sensory abnormalities, and incoordination between swallowing and breathing. Despite harming as respiratory infections and increased risk of death, treatment of this condition remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the effect of oral motor exercises on the swallowing dynamics and quality of life of dysphagic Parkinson's disease patients. This study is an open trial, self-paired and blinded to the examiner. The participants will perform oropharyngeal exercises for five weeks and will be evaluated before and after intervention by swallowing videofluoroscopy and questionnaires about quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL-QOL).

This study is a multisite, randomized clinical trial to determine the effectiveness of an 8-week rehabilitative exercise regime performed by patients with swallowing problems, termed dysphagia, compared to a control group of patients with swallowing problems who do not exercise, but receive standard clinical care. One hundred male and female patients will take part in this study from eight participating facilities around the country.

The long-term goal of this research program is to advance the treatment of swallowing disorders in elderly adults. This study will identify the impact of an 8-week progressive resistance exercise program for oral muscles on swallowing physiology, anatomy, dietary intake, and Quality of Life (QOL) in frail dysphagic adults. Findings from the exercise program may indicate new directions for treatments and techniques designed to influence the biological underpinnings of dysphagia in elderly persons. Translation of these findings into clinical practice will have far-reaching significance in the fields of gerontology, speech language pathology, and long-term care.

This study will compare several techniques designed to improve the ability to swallow in stroke patients with chronic dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). Healthy volunteers 20 to 60 years of age and people 20 to 90 years of age who have had a stroke resulting in swallowing problems may be eligible for this study. Volunteers are screened with a medical history, physical examination, and urine test for women to rule out pregnancy. Stroke patients are screened additionally with a chest x-ray, physical examination, cognitive screening, swallowing questionnaires, nasoendoscopy (examination of the nasal passages in the back of the throat using a lighted telescopic instrument) and FEESST (passage of a thin, flexible telescope through the nose to the voice box), videofluoroscopy (x-ray of the head and neck during swallowing) and button press training (learning how to press a button on a table in coordination with swallowing). All participants undergo the following procedures: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS): A metal coil is placed on the head and sends a pulse of energy to the brain through the scalp. The muscle response to the pulse is recorded from the muscles in the throat that are associated with swallowing. Electromyography: A needle is used to insert tiny wires in specific muscles of the throat to record the muscle response to the TMS pulses. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): During brain MRI scanning, subjects lie quietly and images of the brain are taken. In addition to the above tests, stroke patients undergo the following: Water test: The subject swallows a small amount of water and the number of times required to clear the throat or cough is counted. This test is repeated five times. Experimental training. Subjects have a total of 12 60-minute training sessions, one session a day for up to 5 sessions a week. Button press training: The subject swallows small amounts of water. A device placed on the throat senses when swallowing occurs. The subject learns how to coordinate pressing a button on a table in coordination with swallowing. Vibrotactile stimulator training: A device that uses a buzzing vibration is placed on the throat at times during the swallowing training. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): Wires attached to sponge electrodes are placed on the scalp and over the eye. Small electric currents are delivered to areas of the brain involved with swallowing. This is done at times during the swallowing training. Participants may receive one of several combinations of training approaches; all receive the volitional (button-press) training. Within 5 days of completing training, subjects repeat the tests. TMS, MRI, MEG and x-ray study of swallowing function are also repeated to see if any changes have occurred in the brain or in the ability to swallow after training. Patients are contacted by telephone and in writing 3 and 6 months after training for follow-up on their swallowing status and oral intake.

The primary goal of the investigation is to determine the effects of the Mendelsohn maneuver on the physiology of the swallow in individuals who have suffered a stroke and exhibit signs of pharyngeal dysphagia.

The primary goal of the proposed study is to improve the long-term swallowing capabilities of subjects undergoing radical or modified radical neck surgeries followed by chemoradiation therapy (CRT), by more selective stimulation of the swallowing muscles using implanted microstimulators called BIONs.

The primary objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of bougie dilation to electrosurgical incision of symptomatic schatzki's rings at one year follow-up in the presence of rabeprazole treatment. All patients will be followed for one year for recurrence and/or severity of dysphagia and will be placed on rabeprazole for that time period.

Sarcopenic dysphagia is described as a swallowing disorder caused by a loss of muscle mass and strength, sarcopenia. It induces chronic complications like micro-inhalations and the worsening of chronic undernutrition, according to a vicious circle. Awareness of the high prevalence of sarcopenic dysphagia and its serious consequences among elderly people with disabilities and hospitalized patients is recent, which explains the low rate of screening in the population concerned. In this context, methods of prevention, evaluation and intervention of sarcopenic dysphagia adapted to the most exposed population are needed. Two European learned societies have developed recommendations that include increased awareness of swallowing disorders, the use of screening scores, preventive measures, diagnostic standardization, and implemented interventions (rehabilitation, textural adaptation, etc.). In order to respect these recommendations, a pedagogical sheet, entitled DYSPHAGING was elaborated within our unit in a multiprofessional way in 4 steps (1 - Screen; 2 - Protect; 3 - Confirm; 4 - Rehabilitate). This feasibility study aims to evaluate the rate of completion and the conditions for implementing steps 1 and 2 in hospital and institutional care units.

Assessment of the improvement of the safety of the swallowing function under 3 natural ingredients known to be agonist of sensory receptors.

Muscle tension dysphagia is a novel diagnostic taxonomy describing a subset of patient population with reported dysphagia who exhibit normal oropharyngeal and esophageal swallowing function as evidenced by videofluoroscopic swallow study. These patients also demonstrate abnormal supraglottic muscle tension during laryngoscopy as well as signs of laryngeal hypersensitivity and laryngopharyngeal reflux. Treatment of these patients with Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) therapy is a common practice however voice therapy invention targeting the unloading of the supraglottic muscle tension has been shown to be highly effective in symptom resolution per the investigators' clinical experience. The study is designed to answer efficacy of treatment being offered to patients with muscle tension dysphagia.