Active clinical trials for "Syndrome"

Context: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity. Recurrent episodes of occlusion of upper airways during sleep result in hormonal changes that may predispose to high cardiovascular risk.These risks can rapidly be reduced by effective nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) therapy Objective: To evaluate hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, insulin resistance, blood pressure values and adipokines in severe obese patients with and without OSAS and to determine if continuous positive airway pressure therapy (nCPAP) influenced responses.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the metabolic effects of anti-androgens and oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), compared with placebo, in the treatment of women with PCOS. We hypothesized that controlling elevated androgen levels with either anti-androgens or OCPs would produce improvement in metabolic markers in PCOS women and would reduce their long term metabolic risk.

RATIONALE: Lithium carbonate may be an effective treatment for intestinal graft-versus-host disease caused by a donor stem cell transplant. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying lithium carbonate in treating patients with acute intestinal graft-versus-host-disease after donor stem cell transplant.

RATIONALE: Rasburicase may be an effective treatment for graft-versus-host disease caused by a donor stem cell transplant. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying how well rasburicase works in preventing graft-versus-host disease in patients with hematologic cancer or other disease undergoing donor stem cell transplant.

This study will compare how well a combination of borage and echium oils will reduce inflammation compared to fish oils and placebo oil in subjects that are diabetic or have metabolic syndrome.

The investigators hypothesis is that free fatty acids (FFA) accumulation in non fatty tissues would lead to insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in PCOS women. Accordingly, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist (rosiglitazone) would be a great therapeutic option for PCOS as their activation induces transcription factors of gene implicated in fatty acids metabolism. The aim is to verify if insulin-related hyperandrogenism can be reversed in women having polycystic ovary syndrome following an 8-week treatment with rosiglitazone compared to simple insulin reduction with acarbose. For the purpose of this study, 14 lean women (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2) and 36 obese women (BMI 30-39 kg/m2) with PCOS as well as 14 lean and 14 obese control women will be recruited to determine their insulin sensibility (insulin levels, M-value, metabolic clearance rate of glucose)and FFA metabolism (FFA levels, rythm of apparition and disapearance of FFA) during a 75g oral glucose tolerance test and a 2-step insulin-glucose clamp.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder, defined by symptom-based diagnostic criteria. The pathogenesis is multifactorial and gut motor dysfunction is considered to be a contributing factor. Changes in motor patterns in the small bowel in IBS patients are quantitative rather than qualitative with no distinct patterns to distinguish patients from healthy individuals. Changes in motor patterns can affect transit of bowel contents. Indeed, variation in intestinal transit was reported in patients with IBS. Lubiprostone is a novel agent that is Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for the treatment of chronic constipation. More recently 2 randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trials showed the drug to be effective in relieving symptoms in patients with constipation-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (C-IBS), resulting in approval for female patients with C-IBS at a dose of 8 micrograms twice a day. The investigators hypothesize that lubiprostone works not just as a laxative, but by actually altering motility patterns in the small intestine of female patients with C-IBS. These alterations can be measured through High Resolution Manometry (HRM), a new technique that uses catheters with multiple closely spaced sensors and special software that uses color schemes to portray a pressure gradient. This technique allows a detailed assessment of the direction and spread of contractions. The investigators would like to use HRM to see if lubiprostone affects intestinal contractions by giving blinded participants lubiprostone and placebo while they are undergoing High Resolution Manometry and seeing if any changes in contractions occur. Participants will be recruited from investigator's clinic. If interested, potential subjects will be provided with a copy of the consent form for review. Patients will be informed that after they have had an opportunity to review the consent form, they may contact the study team to further discuss the research and address any questions/concerns they have. Participants will undergo a screening visit and a manometry visit. During the screening visit investigators will determine eligibility, including application of inclusion/exclusion criteria and administration of a pregnancy test. Then during the manometry visit patients will receive two capsules, lubiprostone and placebo, three hours apart during HRM. Patients will receive each capsule only once and will not know which order they're receiving them in.

RATIONALE: Ondansetron may help lessen or prevent nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing stem cell transplant. PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well ondansetron works in preventing nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing stem cell transplant.

The scientific aims of the study are to determine how peripheral microcirculatory responsiveness is altered in obese women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) during local heating and to determine the mechanism for testosterone effects on peripheral microcirculatory responsiveness in women with PCOS.

Obese HIV-positive women with Metabolic Syndrome (HIV-MS) and obese HIV-negative women with Metabolic Syndrome will be studied before and after achieving moderate (6%-8%) diet-induced weight loss. The investigators hypothesize that health markers will improve in both groups but that the improvement will be blunted in the women with HIV-MS.