Active clinical trials for "Syndrome"

Patients with schizophrenia are more likely to have metabolic syndrome compared to general population. The criterion for metabolic syndrome in Asian people including: elevated waist circumference (male ≥ 90cm, female ≥ 80cm), elevated triglycerides ≥ 150mg/dL, reduced HDL cholesterol: male < 40mg/dL, female < 50mg/dL, elevated blood pressure: ≥ 130/85 mmHg, elevated fasting glucose: ≥ 100mg/dL. Several factors have been found to be associated with metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia, e.g. age, antipsychotic drugs, smoking, family history of metabolic disorder, stress, and quality of life. However, little is known about the prevalence of and factors associated in Asian. This study aimed to: Identify the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. Identify the factors associated with metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia.

Thinning of fibrous cap in atherosclerotic plaques is associated with plaque vulnerability. The high resolution of optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides an accurate measurement of fibrous cap thickness. Endothelial dysfunction is a key component of vulnerable plaque and digital reactive hyperemia-peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT) is a non-invasive automatic and quantitative method to evaluate endothelial function. The investigators will investigate the association between endothelial function assessed by RH-PAT and plaque vulnerability determined by OCT-derived thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA).

The study purpose is to evaluate the morphological, functional and electrophysiological characteristics of the right ventricle before and after ajmaline in patients diagnosed with Brugada syndrome as well as to correlate CMR findings and substrate size.

To evaluate long-term intraocular lens (IOL) decentration and tilt in eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) following cataract surgery using Visante anterior segment OCT and iTrace Visual Function Analyzer.

The purpose of this study is to find out if there is a connection between a higher level of peptide alpha defensin in blood serum with the metabolic profile of adolescents aged 13-17.

Post-operative paediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome (pCMS) is a well-recognised complication of resective surgery for brain tumours of the cerebellum and fourth ventricle in children. Occurring in around 25% of infratentorial craniotomies, it is characterised by a delayed onset of mutism and emotional lability, and may comprise motoric and cognitive cerebellar deficits. Transient mutism gives way to prolonged, and often incomplete, recovery. Neuroimaging studies are beginning to reveal anatomical and functional aberrancies in the brain of children with pCMS. The cerebellar efferent pathways are likely to be implicated as a neuroanatomical substrate in the development of pCMS, as shown by a handful of diffusion tractography studies to date. However, the pathophysiology of this condition still remains unclear. Hypoperfusion of supratentorial cortical and subcortical structures may mediate the speech and behavioural deficits seen in pCMS, and is a candidate for a causal pathophysiological mechanism. This study aims to prospectively image children with pCMS using advanced MRI techniques including diffusion tractography and arterial spin labelling, and to correlate this with clinical descriptions of the syndrome. All children referred to Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children with a posterior fossa brain tumour will be imaged pre-operatively, post-operatively and at delayed follow-up. In tandem with this, clinical assessments will be made of children post-operatively to ascertain which patients develop pCMS. In addition, anonymised advanced MRI data on healthy controls will be used as a comparator group.

Mortality rates in children with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) are higher in Asia compared to other regions. In adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome, the only therapy that improves mortality rates is a lung protective ventilation strategy. The pediatric ventilation recommendations by the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC) are extrapolated from evidence in adults, including ventilation with low tidal volume, low peak/plateau pressures and high end expiratory pressure. A recent retrospective study of ventilation practices in Asia including Singapore showed that a majority of patients with PARDS were being ventilated with high tidal volume, high peak pressure and low end expiratory pressure, not in compliance with PALICC recommendations. We postulate that currently used ventilation strategies could have contributed to the high PARDS mortality rates in Asia. We aim to determine if implementing a ventilation bundle comprising PALICC recommendations lowers PARDS and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) mortality rates.

Sjogren's Syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by sicca (dryness) symptoms of the mouth and eyes. This autoimmune disease is less commonly studied and there are no licensed treatments to treat the underlying cause of disease and current management is based on clinical experience and/or small clinical studies. This study is based on DSP methodology, a multinational, cross-sectional, multi-sponsor survey of robust real-world data. DSP methodology collects quantitative market research data. The pSS DSP will survey a sample of approximately 230 to 325 rheumatologists and their prospectively consulting pSS subjects in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the US. The data will be collected via physician interviews, physician workload questionnaires, detailed patient record forms (PRFs) to be completed by physicians, and a self-completion questionnaire by pSS subjects. The data collected using this method includes subjective and objective evidence, clinical information about individual patients, their disease and their treatment. This DSP will follow three key phases: preparatory phase, data collection phase and data processing/analysis phase.

Recurrent corneal erosion (RCE) syndrome can be observed either in the context of a dystrophy of the basement membrane or following corneal trauma. This syndrome is characterized by recurrent episodes of ocular pain more or less associated with localized separations between the outer epithelium and the epithelial basal lamina (basement membrane) because of anchorage abnormalities between these two corneal layers. This could be the result of an increased expression of metalloproteinases cleaving the hemidesmosomes which anchor epithelium to the basement membrane. The investigators hypothesis is that episodes of RCEs are favored by a hyper- expression of matricial metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) induced by EMMPRIN and Galectin-3. The identification of such induction could lead to development of therapeutics inhibiting EMMPRIN and Galectin- 3 in the RCE syndrome.

A randomised controlled trial to compare two strategies for the investigation of coronary artery disease at the time of angiography. Patients will be randomised to conventional angiography or additional, routine pressure wire assessment - measuring fractional flow reserve (FFR) - in all main vessels judged as being of sufficient vessel calibre to allow percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (experimental arm).