Active clinical trials for "Wounds and Injuries"

The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of an optical device designed and developed to quantitatively monitor blood flow velocity of wound sites. The hypothesis is that the blood flow velocity of the wound site will provide critical information on the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

Background: - Traumatic brain injury may have a range of effects, from severe and permanent disability to more subtle functional and cognitive deficits that often go undetected during initial treatment. To improve treatments and therapies and to provide a uniform quality of care, researchers are interested in developing more standardized criteria for diagnosing and classifying different types of traumatic brain injury. By identifying imaging and other indicators immediately after the injury and during the initial treatment phrase, researchers hope to better understand the nature and effects of acute traumatic brain injury. Objectives: To study the MRI results of individuals who have recently had head injury and suspected traumatic brain injury. To study the natural evolution of traumatic brain injury for up to 3 months after head injury. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 18 years of age who have been admitted to a hospital with a diagnosed or suspected traumatic brain injury within the past 48 hours. Design: Participants will have one 3-hour study visits: an initial visit (within 48 hours of head injury). Participants may be asked to have an optional 4-day, 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year follow-up. Each visit may involve blood samples, an MRI scan (approximately 30 minutes), and a series of tests to evaluate brain function. At the optional follow-up visit, participants may have blood samples, an MRI scan, and a general traumatic brain injury assessment. This study does not provide treatment and does not replace any current therapies. However, participants who are eligible for other National Institutes of Health studies may be referred to these studies by researchers.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether Remote Ischemic Perconditioning is effective on Acute kidney injury in adult valve replacement.

The primary objective is to assess the long-term impact of hormonal deficiency on Quality of Life (QoL) in a large group of moderate and severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients.

Background: - Previous studies have shown that computer-based devices that simulate everyday tasks can be helpful for evaluation and rehabilitation in people who have had strokes. Researchers are interested in studying whether similar devices can be used to evaluate and treat individuals who have had a traumatic brain injury, to determine if the device should be developed to help with rehabilitation in the future. Objectives: - To evaluate the effectiveness of a computer-based simulation compared with actual performance of actions in individuals who have had a traumatic brain injury. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 18 years of age who have had a non-penetrating mild or moderate traumatic head injury within the past year and have experience playing computer games. Design: Participants will be screened with a physical and neurological examination and medical history. Participants will complete questionnaires and an interview about mood and feelings, stress levels, quality of life, and how well they function at work or at home. Participants will also have tests of memory, attention, thinking, and reasoning. Some of the questionnaires and tests will be completed in writing, some orally, and some on a computer. Participants will have movement and coordination tests that involve simple tasks such as putting pegs in a pegboard, using a key, lifting different objects, and folding things. Participants will duplicate the movement and coordination tests by using a computer program that simulates the tasks with a cursor on a computer screen. Participants will do four separate simulated tasks (such as arranging letters or hitting a nail with a hammer) three times. The full visit will take about 4 hours, and no followup visits are required.

Teenage driving safety continues to be a major public health issue. Two factors have been found to contribute to a higher teenage driving accident rate than adults: lack of driving experience, and risky behaviors. Insufficient driving experience puts teenagers at a disadvantage in detecting and responding to hazards while driving. Factors contributing to distracted driving (a diversion in the driver's attention from the road) may include: talking or text messaging on a cell phone, applying makeup, having multiple passengers, listening to loud music, eating/drinking, smoking or reading while driving. This is a prospective study designed to evaluate the effect of an educational program on the risks associated with distracted driving for teenage drivers. The researchers will compare cell phone usage behaviors in Pennsylvania, where no cell phone laws are in place, and New Jersey, where cell phone laws exist, and will educate the beginner driver on the potential dangers associated with driving without a seat belt, substance use, and participating in distracting driving behaviors. Knowledge of state laws will also be assessed. Objectives Educate participants on the potential dangers of distracted driving. Evaluate the impact of the educational program on teenage distracted driving behaviors by obtaining and analyzing information from student surveys, state law quizzes, and anonymous observation, pre, post, and delayed post education. Quantify distracted driving behavior in teenage driver's attending local area high schools by obtaining and analyzing information from student surveys, state law quizzes, and anonymous observation, pre, post, and delayed post education. Qualify distracted driving behavior in teenage driver's attending local area high schools by obtaining and analyzing information from student surveys, anonymous observation, and anonymous voicemails, text messages, and/or emails pre, post, and delayed post education. Qualify distracted driving behavior in adults through anonymous observations near local area high schools. 6. Compare teenage driving behaviors as reported and observed between Pennsylvania and New Jersey. 7. Compare seat belt usage, driving behaviors, and substance use in the study population to the state and national averages pre and post education. 8. Compare averages of student's knowledge of state driving laws pre and post education.

The investigators are assessing the platelet function analysis of those who sustained significant head trauma while on aspirin or plavix and to assess if any qualitative difference is obtained if platelets are administered.

Human serum eye drops have been successfully used in the treatment of severe ocular surface disorders and the enhancement of corneal wound healing. Umbilical cord serum is also proven to be effective in treatment of dry eye and persistent corneal epithelial defects. However, there are limited studies comparing the corneal epithelial wound healing promoting effects between these two blood derived products. The purpose of this study is to test the corneal epithelial wound healing promoting effects between auto serum and human cord blood serum. Primary cultured bovine corneal epithelial cells were used as the model to investigate wound healing, cell proliferation and migration by means of scratch corneal wound healing assay evaluation, MTS assay and Boyden chamber migration assay in response to human serum and umbilical cord serum. The concentrations of EGF, TGF-β1, and fibronectin were also compared between human serum and umbilical cord serum with ELISA kits.

The aim was to determine the wound healing capacity in healthy never smokers and smokers who continue to smoke, or quit smoking using transdermal nicotine patch versus placebo patch.

Excitatory amino acids may be involved in secondary neuronal damage after traumatic brain injury. The amount of microglia activation is an indirect measure of neuronal damage. Micorglia activation will be measured R)-[11C]PK11195 PET 1 week, 1 month and 6 months after brain injury.