Active clinical trials for "Brain Injuries, Traumatic"

The purpose of this study is to determine the early effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury and persistent post concussion syndrome(PPCS) with cognitive deficits in long term episodic memory and executive function(inhibitory control).

The general objective of the comaScore project is to provide an external validation of the accuracy of the comaScore, a score derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to predict 1 year outcome of patients unresponsive to simple orders after traumatic brain injury (TBI), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages (aSAH) and cardiac arrest (CA) in the day 7 - day 45 period post brain injury.

The purpose of this study is to understand the physiology of connectivity between cortical regions in the human brain in healthy participants and in patients with white matter lesions. Specifically, the investigators will examine the effects of paired associative stimulation (PAS) which consists in delivering brief (< 1 ms) current pulses separated by a short millisecond-level time interval ("asynchrony") to two cortical areas. The used techniques are all non-invasive and considered safe in humans: transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and functional MRI (fMRI). Based on prior literature in animals and human studies, it is hypothesized that PAS may increase or decrease effective connectivity between the stimulated areas depending on the asynchrony value. The main outcome measure is source-resolved EEG responses evoked by single-pulse TMS; this is a more direct measure of neuronal changes occurring at the targeted cortical area than motor evoked potentials (MEPs) or sensor-level EEG responses used in previous studies.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether learning styles are effective in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in an educational environment.

Patients who have a functioning intracranial pressure-monitoring device (either a subarachnoid bolt, or an intraventricular catheter) in place, and are either sedated, intubated, and mechanically ventilated (i.e. in the NNICU), or are scheduled to undergo an operation or interventional neuroradiological procedure at the University of Virginia. Patients with a contraindication to TTE will be excluded. For patients in the NNICU, basic hemodynamic variables (systemic blood pressure, central venous pressure, etc.) will be collected. In addition, left ventricular performance (including estimates of LVEDV, LVESV, EF, FAC, and SV) will be assessed using TTE. Once these baseline data are recorded, the ITPR will be inserted in the ventilator circuit and activated to provide either -5 mm Hg or -9 mm Hg endotracheal rube pressure (ETP) (based on a randomization scheme). After the ITPR has been active for at least five minutes, the same intracranial, hemodynamic, and TTE data obtained above will be gathered. The ITPR will then be turned off for five minutes, and intracranial, hemodynamic, and TTE data will again be recorded. The ITPR will be activated a second time (-9 mm Hg or -5 mm Hg ETP, i.e. whichever value was not used previously), and after five minutes of use data will be recorded again. The ITPR will then be disconnected, data will be collected after waiting two minutes, and no further interventions will be made. ABG's will be obtained before and during the use of the device at each setting. This is a proof of concept/feasibility study designed to test the primary hypothesis that use of the ITPR will result in decreased intracranial pressure and increased cerebral perfusion pressure. The effect of the ITPR on secondary indicators of cardiac performance will also be examined. These include but are not limited estimates of ventricular end diastolic volume and pressure (LVEDV/P), ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular end systolic volume and pressure (LVESV/P), fractional area change (FAC), all of which will be assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) or transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).

This study aims to develop a integrated predictive model based on serum biomarkers, HRV, and an innovative computerized classifier output, to predict the patient long term neurological outcome after a moderate or severe TBI in children.

EEG signals have been collected and studied since the early 1990's as a way of assessing brain function at a gross level. As early as the 1930's a derivative of the raw EEG signal - event-related potentials (ERPs) - have been computed. The current research is primarily focused on three ERP components: the N100, P300 and N400. Each of the three ERPs have been studied in the academic laboratory for multiple decades. Through this research, a strong understanding has been developed regarding what can affect these components (e.g. task set, emotional state, etc.). However, these signals within various pediatric populations (e.g., those with persistent mTBI symptoms or multiple concussions) are not well characterized. Being able to safely and effectively employ the NeuroCatch™ Platform in a post-concussive pediatric cohort could provide researchers with the potential to elucidate the persistence of objective measures of impairment, patterns of recovery, and chronicity of problems due to mTBI in children. Secondly, understanding the degree to which these neurophysiological components fluctuate over time is crucial to the understanding of brain functioning. However, for this type of technology to be useful in quantifying brain health in this population,the degree to which a post-concussive pediatric brain naturally fluctuates in its processing capability must be quantified. NeuroCatch™ Platform has the ability to measure changes in several domains of brain function. These cognitive processes are foundational blocks for some of the highest cognitive processes: information integration and executive functioning.

Family caregivers of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have long-term demands that tax their coping abilities and adversely affect their health and well-being. This project will test the effectiveness of a problem-solving training program tailored to the unique needs of family caregivers of persons with TBI. Over a 3-year period, family caregivers and their care recipients will be recruited and randomly assigned to a problem-solving intervention group (n=40 dyads) or a control group (n=40 dyads). Participants in the problem-solving intervention group will receive four face-to-face problem-solving training sessions and monthly telephone problem-solving sessions over the course of 1 year. Control group participants will receive a handbook of educational materials and a staff member will contact each control group participant monthly by telephone to review these materials and other informational needs. No problem-solving training will be provided to control participants throughout the year. Caregivers and care recipients will be assessed at four points during their participation: at the initial assessment, at 4 months, at 8 months, and at the completion of the 1-year participation period. All evaluations will be conducted in the participants' homes. Measures of problem-solving ability, caregiver burden, and adjustment (depression, health, satisfaction with life) will be collected. Structural equation modeling and other regression/inferential analyses will be used to determine the effects of problem solving on caregiver adjustment over time after taking into account care recipient adjustment and caregiver ethnicity. This project will: (1) demonstrate how specified physical and emotional outcomes of caregivers and care recipients are related to caregiver problem-solving abilities and how these relationships vary as a function of time; (2) evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based, problem-solving intervention that will be delivered to caregivers; and (3) identify caregivers and care recipients with TBI who are at risk for adverse emotional and health outcomes.

To observe the effect of PEEP on CVP among patients with different respiratory compliance

The objectives of this study are to: (1) determine the effects of combinatorial training (i.e. combinatory of aerobic exercise with cognitive training and guiding training) vs. the sequential training (i.e. a combination of aerobatic exercise with cognitive training) on cognitive function, physical function, and daily function/participation and psychological function in persons with cognitive impairments post Traumatic brain injury (TBI); (2) determine the long-term effects of these two types of interventions on these outcome measures.