Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

This study used a randomized, open, blank control design. A total of 6800 patients over 15 years old with latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection who met the inclusion criteria but did not meet the exclusion criteria were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the blank control group in a 1:1 ratio, with 3400 patients in each group. The experimental group was alternately injected with 1 dose of microcard every two weeks (0-2-4-6-8-10 weeks) in the left and right hip muscle deep, with a total of 6 doses. The blank control group was not injected with drugs.

We used a segment of cryopreserved aorta as a graft for reconstruction for long segment tracheobronchial lesion in human.

The purpose of this study is to conduct empiric studies of tuberculosis (TB) among people in prison with and without a history of opioid dependence. This includes: a) comprehensive TB diagnostic study (symptom screening, chest x-ray, tuberculin skin test, acid-fast bacilli smear, Gene Xpert, and sputum culture) to determine best practices for screening HIV+ and HIV- prisoners; b) A RCT of latent TB infection prevention strategies among HIV+ and HIV- prisoners with high prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) using standard 40-week daily isoniazid (40H) vs short-course weekly isoniazid + rifapentine (12HR); and c) a 2-arm preference trial comparing post-release TB treatment completion in patients on opioid agonist treatment (methadone) vs no opioid agonist treatment in patients being treated for active or latent TB, or patients with no TB, who are transitioning to the community. Investigators will also use this data, and publicly available data to complete agent-based modeling for comparative and cost-effectiveness of various TB screening and treatment strategies among prisoners, and upon community transition post-release from prison.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy a Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) program for linking opioid dependent individuals currently incarcerated or in probation in Moldova, Kyrgyzstan, and Ukraine to opioid substitution therapy in the community after release or during their probation period.

The primary aim of this pragmatic trial is to determine the effectiveness of a Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) Drug Sensitivity Testing (DST) strategy to guide individualised treatment of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) patients. The primary objective is to determine the effectiveness of this WGS DST strategy in patients diagnosed with RR-TB. We will additionally perform an exploratory health economics evaluation of both arms, and will determine the feasibility of the WGS DST strategy.

This will be the first study to evaluate the use of Nyaditum resae® as a potential agent for reducing antibiotic-associated gut dysbiosis in patients with drug-susceptible TB, and potentially improving clinical and microbiological markers of outcome

Poor engagement in care contributes to HIV- and TB-related morbidity and mortality in South Africa (SA). Community health workers (CHWs) are frontline lay health workers who work to re-engage patients who are lost to follow-up (LTFU) in HIV/TB care. Patients with depression and substance use (SU) have a greater likelihood of being LTFU in HIV/TB care, and there is evidence that CHWs may exhibit stigma towards these patients. When CHWs have negative attitudes towards these patients, on average they spend less time with these patients, are less likely to implement evidence-based practices, and deliver less patient-centered care. Therefore, this purpose of this study is to examine the implementation and preliminary effectiveness of a brief training ("Siyakhana"). The purpose of this training is to provide CHWs with psychoeducation, skills, and support around working with HIV/TB patients with depression/SU. The investigators will assess the training's implementation and changes in CHWs' stigma towards HIV/TB patients with depression/SU.

Single-arm, multi-center, Phase I/II clinical trial, in two groups. Individuals with HIV infection taking Efavirenz (EFV), nevirapine (NVP) or lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) who have undetectable HIV viral load (VL) (< 50 copies/mL) and an indication for tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment (TPT), will be switched to dolutegravir (DTG) with tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC), tenofovir/lamivudine (TDF/3TC), abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) or zidovudine/lamivudine (AZT/3TC) in accordance with South African National HIV Guidelines. Groups 1 and 2 will receive weekly HP for 12 total doses starting 4 weeks after initiating DTG. Individuals who are on an existing DTG-based plus two NRTI antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen for at least four weeks (and have not received efavirenz, or nevirapine or lopinavir/ritonavir for at least four weeks) who have an undetectable HIV viral load may also participate.

The goal of this clinical trial is to develop My Mobile Wallet- a behavioral and economic intervention to support tuberculosis treatment adherence in rural southwestern Uganda. The main question[s] it aims to answer are: • Determine the optimal design and develop My Mobile Wallet as an intervention to support tuberculosis medication adherence • Assess the initial feasibility and acceptability of using My Mobile Wallet to support tuberculosis medication. Participants will use My Mobile Wallet intervention for a period of six months. Researchers will compare My Mobile Wallet intervention versus standard care to see if there is an impact on tuberculosis medication adherence.

The goal of the BringBPaL2Me Trial, a multi-principal investigator, multi-site, cluster randomized, non-inferiority trial is to compare nurse-led RR-TB treatment in primary care clinics to standard of care physician-led RR-TB treatment at district hospitals in the provinces of KwaZulu-Natal, Gauteng, and Eastern Cape. The main aim is to conduct a 5-year, analyst and clinical safety review committee blinded, multi-site, cluster randomized trial to evaluate 1) treatment outcome; 2) safety; 3) patient associated catastrophic costs with the following hypotheses: Outpatient nurse-led treatment in PCCs will be non-inferior to outpatient physician-led treatment at hospital-based outpatient sites among RR-TB patients, regardless of HIV co-infection, as determined by a successful treatment outcome [H1]. The proportion of SAEs identified will not significantly differ by blinded, independent review [H2]. Patient associated catastrophic costs (i.e., costs 20% or more of household income) will be lower in nurse-led treatment [H3].