Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

Tuberculosis is a major cause of mortality among AIDS patients in the developing world. The diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIV infected children is complicated by inefficient and expensive tuberculosis tests and vague diagnostic criteria. This study will evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of several different tuberculosis tests that could be used in developing countries.

The purpose of this study is to estimate the amount of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) infection in individuals 15 years and older in the Masiphumelele township of Cape Town, South Africa. Data collected in this study will be used to predict the effect of introducing anti-HIV therapy in this community.

An open label, randomized, controlled, equivalency trial to compare the efficacy of the percutaneous route of administration with the intradermal route of administration of Japanese (Tokyo) 172 BCG, in the prevention of tuberculosis during the first two years of life.

To test a public health model of screening, preventive isoniazid treatment, and adherence counseling plus medical education of primary care clinicians to enhance their skills and attention to TB control. Also, to test a behavioral adherence intervention for Latino adolescents with latent disease and a medical education program designed to enhance primary care (community clinic) practitioners' treatment of active and latent TB infection.

Latent Tuberculosis infection (LTBI) guidelines can be complex. LTBI-ASSIST is a web-based interactive tool to navigate US LTBI clinical practice guidelines in a patient-centered format that may guide clinical decision making around Latent TB care. The research goal is to determine the difference in reported confidence among trainees that are not experts in LTBI care. The investigators further aim to assess if access to the LTBI-ASSIST tool improves clinical decision making in a series of simulated case scenarios containing guideline-derived, multiple choice items, as well as assess the efficiency in navigating the scenarios - measured by time to complete the survey. The investigators proposed a randomized study design, in which an electronic survey/questionnaire with 4 case scenarios consisting of 14 multiple choice questions. Participants providing informed consent will be randomized to receiving access to either US Centers for Disease Control (CDC)/National Tuberculosis (TB) Controllers Association (NTCA) Guidelines or the LTBI-ASSIST online tool. Those in the experimental arm will further complete a 10 question System Usability Scale to assess usability of the LTBI-ASSIST tool. All Johns Hopkins medical trainees and residents will be eligible to participate.

TB-Speed HIV is a prospective multicentre management study evaluating the safety and feasibility of the recently proposed PAANTHER TB treatment decision algorithm for HIV-infected children with presumptive TB. It will be conducted in four countries with high and very high TB (Tuberculosis) incidence (Côte d'Ivoire, Uganda, Mozambique, and Zambia) which have not participated in the study that developed the PAATHER algorithm.

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death by infectious disease in the world, responsible for 1.6 million deaths in 2017. The treatment of active TB requires at least a 6-month combined antibiotic regimen and can cause heavy side effects. As a consequence, treatment adherence is not optimal, particularly in primary care settings. Rapid and reliable monitoring of anti-TB treatment adherence and efficacy is critical to provide adequate patient care and curb relapse episodes and acquired drug resistance. Investigators propose to evaluate the performance in terms of diagnosis accuracy and outcome prediction of four new biomarkers of active TB: 1) a double IGRA (Interferon Gamma Release Assay) including QuantiFERON-Gold Plus® and HBHA; 2) a whole blood transcriptomic analysis of mRNA (messenger Ribonucleic acid) expression of a panel of 150 genes; 3) a whole blood proteomic analysis; 4) an ex vivo immunophenotyping using flow and mass cytometry to characterize the lymphocyte populations.

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an important risk factor for chronic respiratory disease due to residual lung damage. A recent review of the literature on TB sequelae and rehabilitation has provided clear evidence that TB is definitively responsible for lung function impairment. Functional evaluation of TB patients after completion of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment or spontaneous healing should be considered as part of clinical care. Unfortunately, few studies are available in the literature investigating the physiopathology of lung damage, its impact on quality of life, the potential need for pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), and the effects of a PR program.Objectives of this prospective multicentre international study are: Primary Objective-to assess the exercise capacity 6-min walking test in patients with post-TB lung impairment after completion of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment or after spontaneous healing. Secondary Objectives-to assess the effects of the PR program on dyspnoea symptoms and muscle fatigue, quality of life.

The investigators propose to examine the prospective influence of substance use patterns on HIV/tuberculosis adherence, pharmacokinetics and disease progression while developing novel methods for early detection and correction of these mechanisms of treatment failure in Irkutsk. At the University of Virginia, the investigators have considerable research experience with vulnerable HIV populations and have adapted mobile phone methods for data collection of adherence, substance use, and study retention. The investigators have also begun development of colorimetric methods for pharmacokinetic monitoring that utilizes urine which may be suitable as a non-invasive sample for the unique environmental factors affecting HIV patients in Irkutsk, namely geographic remoteness and concurrent substance use

The purpose of this study is to evaluate safety, immunogenicity of ID93+GLA-SE compared to placebo following three intramuscular (IM) injections on Days 0, 28 and 56 in BCG-vaccinated QFT-negative healthy adolescent. The healthy adolescent will all have had the childhood TB vaccine called BCG, and all of them must have a negative result for a blood test for exposure to the bacteria that cause TB (QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus, or "QFT"). Study participants will be followed for 12 months after the last injection for safety reasons. Blood will be drawn for laboratory tests for safety and immunogenicity tests. The study hypothesis is that the vaccine is safe and immunogenic in this study population.