Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

Background: Diagnosis and screening for latent tuberculosis in old patients is of special interest in regards of the morbidity-mortality of this disease in that context. TB-infection diagnosis based on immunological memory detection can be impaired with age. New blood tests (QFTB-G and T-SPOT.TB) specific for MTB infection have not been evaluated in those old patients.The primary endpoint of this study is the evaluation of the IGRAS for active TB diagnosis in patients above 75 years old.

Background: -Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection of the lungs caused by bacteria. In Mali, TB is diagnosed with a test that is fast and inexpensive but not always accurate. The purpose of this study is to test a new method for diagnosing TB, called the microscopic-observation drug-susceptibility (MODS) test. The MODS test takes 7 days to show results. The test also gives information on which drugs will work best in each case. Objective: -To test a new method for diagnosing tuberculosis called the microscopic observation drug susceptibility test. Eligibility: Participants must be 12 years of age or older. They must have a diagnosis of TB from a sputum smear, or have symptoms of TB and an x-ray indicating that TB is present. Design: Participants will take part in the study from 6 months to 21 months and be assigned to one of three groups, depending on what type of TB they have. At the first visit, researchers ask questions about general health and symptoms of TB. They check vital signs, draw blood, and ask for a sputum sample. The blood is used to check for HIV infection and for the number of CD4 cells, which measures the severity of the HIV infection. The 2-, 5-, and 6-month visits are similar to the first. Those who do not have multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB will end their participation after the 6-month visit. MDR TB is tuberculosis that has not responded to isoniazid and rifampicin. Participants with MDR TB will remain in the study for 21 months. No treatment is provided as part of this study.

This study, conducted in Bamako, Mali (West Africa), will collect blood and sputum samples to establish normal values for laboratory test results among Malians. Researchers are starting a new initiative to study HIV and tuberculosis in Africa, using Mali as a model country. In order to perform these studies, the scientists need to know what constitutes normal laboratory values among the population. People in developing countries may have dramatically different laboratory values from those who live in developed countries, and there is currently little information available to distinguish normal from abnormal results in Malians. This study will establish normal ranges that will provide a basis for future HIV and tuberculosis research in Mali. Additionally it will provide blood and sputum samples to researchers to study different scientific questions related to HIV and Tuberculosis infection. Healthy volunteers and people infected with HIV or tuberculosis, or both, who are 18 years of age or older and who live in Bamako, Mali, may be eligible for this study. Candidates are screened with a medical history, physical examination, and blood test. Participants provide a blood or sputum sample, or both, for laboratory analysis. Blood is collected through a needle inserted into an arm vein, and sputum is collected by having the participant cough deeply and spit in a cup. Participants may agree to provide samples one time only or on a returning visit basis. Returning visits may be scheduled daily or weekly. Subjects may continue to participate for the duration of the 4-year study, provided their medical history and physical examination are updated once a year.

TB remains a health problem in France with about 5,000 new cases per year. Development of new screening tests is a priority for TB. The main objective of the study is to evaluate performances of innovative blood tests to identify active tuberculosis in adults patients living in low-prevalence country. Adult patients with possible TB from will be tested for the presence of antibodies directed against M. tuberculosis selected antigens. Positive and negative predictive values will be established based on TB culture results.

Clinical test (essay) randomized to evaluate the toxicity adherence and efficiency of the chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis (TB) in subjects with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and latent TB. (600 subjects followed(continued) by 15 months). 3rd stage. Patients with DM and TB will be included to determine if the strict control of the dm achieved in clinics of the first level of attention improves clinical manifestations of tb, the result of treatment, the frequency of relapses, the mortality and the transmission to contacts. Elispot will be used to measure TB development and the time for the bacteriological negativization and biochemical parameters as well as tuberculin skin test (TST), quantiferon, in contacts. (160 patients 600 contacts followed(continued) for 12 months). additional there will be evaluated the socioeconomic impact of both diseases and his(her) control. 1er year: transverse study and recruitment years 2 and 3 participants' follow-ups in clinical tests(essays).

This trial aims to increase the wellbeing of tuberculosis patients and their adherence to medication in Chisinau, The Republic of Moldova. The design is an individually randomised controlled trial (RCT) and will involve 400 TB patients during their 'continuation phase' of treatment. The trial will have two arms; 200 patients will form the control group and receive the standard provision of Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) and 200 will receive Virtually Observed Treatment (VOT). VOT differs from DOT in that the daily observation of patients taking their medication will be observed via internet video messages rather than in-person. Based on a small sample of patient interviews we think that for some patients DOT may be a hindrance rather than a help. VOT allows patients to take their treatment in the comfort of their home and means they don't have to travel to their polyclinic every day. There will be a central VOT observation centre where VOT observers will view and respond to video messages sent in by patients in the VOT arm. The messages will be sent via an M-Health app. The VOT observers will also respond to the patients by sending feedback to the patients. The trial duration will depend on the recruitment rate of eligible patients but is expected to take 16 months.

This project proposes to develop and pilot a novel smart phone-based intervention to improve tuberculosis (TB) treatment adherence in Cambodia, which integrates video-enabled Directly Observed Treatment (vDOT) with an automated rewards system that transfers mobile money and eventual phone ownership to compliant patients. The results will be of immediate relevance to Cambodia's National TB Control Program (which is partnering with us), the major implementing field partner Operation ASHA (a leading TB-focused nonprofit organization), as well as other TB control programs seeking new alternatives to improving adherence, especially where traditional DOT may be infeasible or costly, and outside the area of TB where adherence to treatment is critical, such as HIV, and will provide key insights into mobile health (mHealth) programs in a setting relevant to other developing countries. The project will involve building new capacity in Cambodia for behavioral research, mHealth,and communications through hands-on training for study staff in-country, and through general training sessions for internal and external stakeholders.

The goal of this study is to understand the effects of vitamin D supplementation on immunological outcomes among patients with tuberculosis.

This study will examine the impact of use of mobile phones and text messaging on adherence to treatment for patients with latent TB infection. Half (50%) of the 350 anticipated study participants will receive weekly text messages inquiring on their health status in relation to their prescribed treatment, while the other half (50%) will not receive weekly text messages at all. Medical adherence will be assessed by monthly blood-work, clinic visits and by interviewing patients at each of these visits. The investigators hypothesis is that enhanced communication with a health care provider, via a structured cell phone SMS text messaging based program (WelTel), will result in a 15% improvement in the proportion of patients who successfully complete their LTBI treatment regimens.

With an estimated 60,000 people diagnosed with TB (Tuberculosis) annually, Uganda holds the 16th position of the 22 countries with highest cases of TB in the world. The Uganda national target of utilizing the DOTS (Direct Observed Treatment Short Course) to successfully treat 85% of patients diagnosed with TB has not been met. Currently, the country only detects 49.6% TB case detection, of which it successfully treats 73%. The DOTS strategy has suffered many socioeconomic challenges, which have resulted into its abandonment by many of the Ugandan hospitals. Poor TB medication adherence greatly attribute to the many cases of TB in Uganda. Causes of non-adherence to TB medication include lack of patient follow-up, patients' lack of transport to go to the clinics to pick up drugs, patients' forgetfulness. There is evidence that real time adherence monitoring linked with SMS reminders and social support notifications can address barriers to sustained ART (antiretroviral therapy) adherence. Such novel interventions addressing TB medication adherence challenges in low resource settings to date are limited. The prevailing SMS-based studies for TB medication adherence report mixed results, do not strategically link interventions with missed doses, and have largely been implemented in developed countries. To date, little is known about the use of real-time adherence monitoring technologies for TB medication adherence in resource-limited settings. The goal of this research is to investigate the use of real time adherence monitoring technology linked with SMS reminders and notifications for TB medication adherence in rural southwestern Uganda. The investigator will develop and quantitatively test a real-time adherence monitoring intervention with 60 individuals initiating TB treatment, and 40 social supporters. The investigator will randomize participants (1:1:1) to the following arms: 1) Fixed and linked SMS reminders, 2) SMS notifications to social supporters, and 3) no SMS (control). All participants will have adherence monitored in real-time for 6 months.