Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

Consenting adults presenting with signs and symptoms compatible with pulmonary tuberculosis will be interviewed for demographic and medical information, and then will be asked to provide 3-4 expectorated sputum specimens. In the study laboratory, sputa will be tested using conventional and investigational diagnostic tests for tuberculosis and rifampin resistance.

Recent advances in molecular diagnostics of tuberculosis, especially the GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin test have reduced the time to diagnose Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis (RR-TB) but only rifampicin resistance is diagnosed, leading to presumptive diagnosis of resistance to isoniazid and maybe other drugs. Thus in low and middle income countries, most drug sensitivity testing relies on phenotypic drug resistance testing, which takes up to 4 months. In addition, currently, culture on monthly sputum samples is recommended by the World Health Organization for follow-up of Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis patients under treatment. Unfortunately, culture is often not locally available and samples need to be transported from field to culture laboratories. The associated transport delays lead to high rates of contamination and false negative culture, particularly in laboratories in low resource settings. Many gaps for the diagnosis and management of RR-TB patients still need to be addressed and the DIAMA project (DIAgnostics for Multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Africa) study aims to address some of them.

The aim of this study is to evaluate ultra low dose chest computed tomography (ULDCT) for early diagnosis of active tuberculosis in cohort of close contacts of active pulmonary tuberculosis for 1 year follow up

Prospective cross-sectional study at the outpatient clinic (OPC) of the Bagamoyo District Hospital (BDH) in Tanzania. Assessment of basic epidemiological data (Point prevalence and risk factors) on CKD with simple clinical, laboratory tests and the patients history. After informed consent blood samples are taken for complete blood count, serum creatinine, HbA1c, HIV-Screening, and urine samples for dipstick, urine sediment, and albumin-creatinine ratio. Further, office blood pressure, weight and height are taken. Further, patients history are asked by a questionnaire (i.e.history of infectious and cardiovascular diseases and basic demographic data: i.e. sex, age). CKD is defined as the presence of either impaired kidney function and/or albuminuria based on a one-time measurement. Primary outcome of the study are prevalence rates of CKD and the impact of non-communicable and communicable disorders on CKD.

For diagnosis of active tuberculosis, interferon-γ release assay based mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antigen may show higher sensitivity than tuberculin skin test in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, interferon-γ release assay have a role as a rapid diagnostic adjunctive methods for active tuberculosis in immunocompromised patients.

Interferon gamma releasing assay(IGRA) is useful to diagnose latent tuberculosis. However,IGRA responses could show within-subject variability. We wanted to determine long-term IGRA variability in health-care workers who continuously expose to tuberculosis patients.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate in hospital environment the knowledge of the health care professionals about fundamental concepts on tuberculosis and the accomplishment to respiratory isolation practices for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis hospitalized in a public hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.

The investigators will evaluate the usefulness of QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube (QFT) in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in young adults group, highly clinically suspected tuberculosis.

Vitamin D has been regarded to be beneficial to tuberculosis (TB) patients. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of vitamin D deficiency in development and treatment outcomes among Korean TB patients. Furthermore, the impact of genotypes of vitamin D receptor gene on TB development will also be evaluated.

Background: - In spite of well-researched treatments and therapies, 5 to 10 percent of tuberculosis (TB) patients who have initially successful TB treatments will relapse, usually within a year after completion of therapy. This percentage is even greater for patients who are infected with multi-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant types of TB. Because the People s Republic of China has the second highest number of TB cases in the world, researchers are interested in studying TB patients in China to evaluate their response to treatment on a long-term basis. Objectives: To improve TB diagnosis and testing by determining the number and proportion of patients admitted with suspected TB who actually have TB (definite or probable). To assess the prevalence of non-tuberculosis bacteria among patients with presumed TB. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 65 years of age who have been admitted to Henan Provincial Chest Hospital with suspected tuberculosis. Design: Participants will be divided into three groups, based on their diagnosis after admission. Another group of individuals who do not have TB will be enrolled as controls for comparison purposes during the study. The study will use computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest at initial enrollment, 2 months, and 6 months to evaluate disease response to treatment. Incidents of TB that are not in the chest area (extrapulmonary TB) will also be studied. The study will also monitor the treatments and therapies used against the disease, changes in patients immune systems, and any changes in the biological samples taken over the course of treatment.