Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

The detection of miRNA (non-coding ribonucleic acid) in the blood in the context of active tuberculosis is an innovative approach to the detection of new disease-specific biomarkers. The primary goal of this analysis is to define, for the first time, an miRNA fingerprint for tuberculosis in sweat. Samples that were collected as part of the Sweatb Study (NCT03667742) project are examined for the occurrence of disease-specific, non-coding miRNAs to define new biomarkers in the sweat. These biomarkers can be detected non-invasively and will help in the detection of patients with active tuberculosis.

The study aimed to evaluate the relationships between the gene polymorphisms of leukotriene A4 hydrolase(LTA4H) and Dexamethasone treatment for tuberculous meningitis in Chinese patients.

To evaluate CT abnormalities in the lung parenchyma in close contacts at high risk for developing multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant Tb by using a follow-up ultralow dose CT scan.

Objective Prospectively describe the kinetics of 18F-FDG uptake of extrapulmonary TB after two months and at the end of TB treatment in HIV patients. Evaluate 18F-FDG-PET/CT as a TB treatment response monitoring tool. Design The investigators performed baseline FDG-PET/CT, another FDG-PET/CT after 2 months of TB treatment and a PET/CT at the end of treatment in 18 HIV/TB patients. The investigators correlated evolution of FDG uptake with clinical evolution of patients.

The proposed preliminary field evaluation will compare a point-of-care (POC) transaminase test with the standard of care test used in an HIV clinic at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Electronic noses detecting patterns of volatile molecules have recently been introduced for different diagnostic purposes. The diagnostic accuracy of a prototype e-nose device (Bruins et al (2013) in Bangladesh showed sensitivity of 76.5-95.9% and specificity of 85.3-98.5%. Here the investigators test a production type point-of-care hand-held device with less detectors. The investigators explore factors such as food intake, smoking, and co-morbidity, as well as the impact of TB treatment, and address the question whether the device could help monitor disease and response to treatment.

This is a randomised study that compares different diagnostic approaches for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis in whom the three classic (non-induced) sputum samples didn't show tuberculous bacillus on direct examination. The investigators compare the sensibility of induced sputum technique with an endoscopic approach (CT-scan followed by BAL and fluoroscopy-guided transbronchial biopsies and eventually sputum collection immediately after the bronchoscopy). People in high risk population for tuberculosis undergoing screening by chest X-ray or symptomatic patients will be admitted to the hospital if their chest X-ray shows a suspicion of active tuberculosis. According good clinical practice: (non-induced) sputum samples will be taken at admission and every following morning. If direct examination and PCR of the first three classic sputum samples are negative: patients will be randomised in two groups with a different diagnostic approach (induced sputum versus endoscopic approach) The aim of our study is to proof that a thoroughgoing endoscopic approach has a higher sensibility than an induced sputum in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with a high suspicion of active tuberculosis on the chest X-ray but with a negative direct examination and/or PCR on three consecutive normal sputum samples. The investigators will include 154 patients (based on a statistical analysis for a hypothesis that the endoscopic approach has a sensibility that's twice the sensibility of the induced sputum). first arm: 2 consecutive induced sputum using an ultrasonic nebulizer. second arm: CT thorax to evaluate the exact anatomic localisation of the disease followed by fluoroscopy-guided bronchoscopy for BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage) and transbronchial biopsies. A sputum sample immediately after the endoscopy will be collected if possible.

The present study was to evaluate the usefulness of a whole-blood interferon-r release assays (IGRAs) as diagnostic tool of the latent tuberculosis infection for healthcare workers.

The aim of this study is to estimate the usefulness of QuantiFERON TB Gold In-Tube® and T-SPOT.TB® for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis in HIV infected antiretroviral naive patients: 80 originated from low TB prevalence countries, without any active TB; 80 HIV infected antiretroviral naïve patients originated from high TB prevalence countries, without any active TB, 40 HIV infected patients with active TB and 40 HIV negative patients with active TB.

The overall objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and potential impact of using a targeted testing approach and 2 interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) to screen for latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) among military recruits. The current policy of universal application of the Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) to screen for LTBI may result in many TST reactions among recruits who are at low risk for LTBI. The central hypothesis is that targeted testing by use of the questionnaire will reduce unnecessary testing of low-risk recruits without affecting the identification of higher-risk recruits. The secondary hypothesis is that many discordant results between the TST and IGRA may be explained by cross-reactivity to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) with the TST.