Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

It was hypothesized that tuberculosis patients receiving multiple interventions like educations, counseling and default tracing along with DOTS were more likely to adhere to tuberculosis treatment as compared to few interventions or DOTS only.

A scale-up of public sector antiretroviral treatment (ART) programmes may divert scarce resources from other priority primary care programmes like tuberculosis and childhood immunization. The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of tuberculosis (TB) and childhood immunization programmes in primary care facilities participating in the South African national antiretroviral treatment programme with those which have yet to be included in the ART programme.

The purpose of this study is to determine if implementing a policy of widespread INH (Isoniazid) prophylaxis therapy in HIV-infected patients with access to antiretroviral therapy reduces the incidence of active TB disease in the HIV clinic population.

This study investigates the utility of thin bronchoscope and virtual bronchoscopic navigation system (targeted bronchial washing) for detection of M. tuberculosis and resistant-conferring mutations in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Time to appropriate treatment and stain/culture conversion are also evaluated.

A diagnostic validity study in which urinary LAM was done in seropositive HIV patients with symptoms suggestive of TB who were included and investigated with battery of tests to reach the final diagnosis.

The purpose of this study is to determine the better preoperative anti-tuberculosis treatment period of patients with spinal tuberculosis.

Pregnant women who develop active Tuberculosis (TB) are at increased risk of poor maternal and infant outcomes. Our data from South Africa show that up to 3% of HIV-infected pregnant women have active TB , many with advanced disease, contributing to the 40% of maternal mortality associated with TB or HIV in South Africa . Screening for TB in pregnant women in this setting is therefore essential to reduce maternal mortality. Symptom-directed screening for TB has been recommended by the World Health Organization and by the South African National Department of Health; however, no implementation framework is in place to operationalize the guidelines. Symptom-based testing is an efficient process that limits use of diagnostic tests, but may miss many cases. In Soweto, we found that 0.7% (700/100,000) of HIV-infected women had active TB when a symptom-based strategy was employed once, but in Klerksdorp we found that 3.3% (3,300/100,000) had active TB when universal testing, regardless of symptoms, was performed; most TB cases were newly diagnosed among women who reported no symptoms .

The purpose of this study will be to determine the performance characteristics of TBDx with culture as a gold standard. In addition, the investigators will assess the laboratory technicians' appraisal and technical suitability of the TBDx system.

Childhood tuberculosis (TB) accounts for 11% of the total 9 million annual TB cases and the difficulty of its diagnosis is increased in case of HIV infection in children. The aim of this study is to improve TB diagnosis in HIV-infected children by developing a new diagnostic algorithm incorporating new tools available such as: interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs), as alternative to the tuberculin skin test alternative specimen collection methods such as string test (or Enterotest (R)), nasopharyngeal aspirates and stools samples, as alternatives to gastric aspirate the Xpert MTB/RIF assay

This is a pilot pulmonary TB screening program done in three antenatal care clinics in Lusaka, Zambia to determine the prevalence of culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of symptom-based TB screening.