Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

This study evaluates new technique for diagnosis of tuberculosis. Among patients who are suspected with tuberculosis, participants will be tested conventional method including Xpert TB/RIF assay, and new diagnostic technique using homobifunctionalImidoesters compounds.

The management of osteoarticular infections on equipment is complex. In order to optimize the management of these infections, the French National Authority for Health (HAS) has published good practice recommendations for prosthesis infections in adults. However, in the pediatric population, this type of infection is rarer and their management less well codified. The aim of this retrospective and descriptive monocentric study is to identify all osteoarticular infections in children under 16 years of age managed at the Montpellier University Hospital from 2014 to 2021, to study the epidemiology and bacterial ecology of these infections and to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapeutic strategy and side effects, long-term sequels

Phase IV, observational, cohort, prospective study. With duration according to the indicated scheme, 6 months of treatment (2 intensive months and 4 months of sotén) for pulmonary tuberculosis. Follow-up with patients will continue for a month after completion of the indicated scheme.

Tuberculosis burden in Vietnam increasing with contribution from low detection rates and increased drug resistance. There is a need to identify MDR-TB (MultiDrug Resistant Tuberculosis) among both notified TB cases and their contacts in the community. Traditional contact tracing often focuses on household contacts while strains of TB circulate in homes, schools, workplaces, and beyond. Social network Analysis (SNA) is a comprehensive approach which includes a set of persons and the connections among them used for analysis of structure of disease transmission. In this study, SNA will be used to collect network data from 60 newly detected Rifampicin resistant TB patients including an expected 50 MDR-TB patients living in Hanoi, and to identify and test potential MDR-TB cases.

This study uses an ingestion sensor and a wearable sensor (worn as a patch on the skin), which are new Proteus Digital Health (PDH) technologies approved by the FDA, to collect information about patients taking their TB medications. The wearable sensor records information, which is uploaded wirelessly to a mobile device and then to a secure computer. Together the sensors and the mobile device transmitting the information to the study computer are called a digital health feedback system (DHFS), which gives healthcare providers information about when patients have taken their TB medications. The advantage of the DHFS is that patients can take their medication where and when it is convenient for them, and do not have to wait for a nurse to directly observe them taking their medication. The purpose of this study is to find out if using these new technologies works as well as the standard method of observing in person when patients take their TB medications. This study will also look at the costs of using a DHFS for TB medications, what patients and healthcare providers think about using it, and other factors that can determine when one approach works better than another. This study has two parts. For the first part of the study (Step I), patients will have an initial screening visit and then, in one two-week period, they will have 4 study visits at the UCSD AntiViral Research Center (AVRC) and routine visits from Public Health Services (PHS) workers. This part of the study is designed to confirm that the DHFS is working correctly and is accurately collecting information about each dose of medication that patients take, and to understand what patients and healthcare providers think about using the DHFS. If patients are eligible for the second part of the study (Step II) and want to continue, that will last another 8-14 weeks with an additional 4 study visits at the AVRC. In the second part of the study, patients will be randomized into one of the following two groups. Group 1: TB treatment is monitored by continued use of the DHFS Group 2: TB treatment is monitored by the standard methods used by PHS (DOT) The second part of the study is designed to compare these two methods of observing patients taking their TB medications, what the relative costs of these methods are , and the perception by patients and/or healthcare providers of the ease of use of the novel technology.

Tubercular pleural effusion is the second most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) seen in clinical practice after tuberculosis (TB) lymphadenitis. It is common that after complete treatment of the patient with tubercular pleural effusion with six months of the short-course chemotherapy under Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS), pleural effusion has not resolved completely. In these cases treatment need to be extended for one or two more months by giving extension pouches. Since DOTS does not recommend demonstration of complete resolution of tubercular pleural effusion at the end of treatment completion, there is paucity of data in terms of the patients declared cure for the sputum negative pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB as such which includes TB pleural effusion as well. This project aims to look into the patient characteristics, treatment outcome, and compute the number of cases which require an extended regimen and to what extent is the pleural effusion persistent at the end of six months of standard DOTS therapy.

Background: - Tuberculosis (TB) infection is particularly deadly when it happens in people who are also infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, not much is known about how these two infections affect each other. Some people who have HIV or TB infections develop health problems after they start taking either HIV or TB medications or both. These drugs can improve the body s ability to fight infections, but sometimes this sudden improvement can make the infected person initially become sicker. Researchers want to study how these infections affect the immune system and the gene expression of people who have TB and may or may not have HIV, to see if there is a pattern of gene expression that may predict whether people starting treatment may get sicker initially. Objectives: - To study the gene expression and immune systems of people with TB who may or may not also have HIV. Eligibility: Adults at least 18 years of age who have tuberculosis. Participants will be drawn from study sites in the United States and China. Design: Participants will be divided into three study groups. The first group will have TB but not HIV. The second group will have both TB and HIV that have not been treated. The third group will have both TB and HIV that are currently being treated. All participants will have a single study visit. Blood samples will be collected at this visit. A medical history will also be collected. No treatment will be provided as part of this study.

Dose comparison study of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD)Aplisol with the standard tuberculin purified derivative (PPD-S2).

Detection of M. tuberculosis in clinical specimens of children has a low sensitivity because specimens are either difficult to collect or contain low levels of M. tuberculosis. Diagnostic criteria are non-specific and culture confirmation is challenging, as sputum samples are not often obtainable from small children and specimens typically have low yield. Although children are typically thought to have paucibacillary disease, they are at greater risk for dissemination of TB. This may allow for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from other bodily fluids than sputum or gastric aspirate, including blood and urine. Unfortunately, little is known about the overall yield from these various specimens. From pilot data collected among adults and children in Tugela Ferry, we know that it is feasible to collect and test various bodily fluid specimens for TB culture. This study aim to test the hypothesis that blood and urine cultures will detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis from children suspected of disseminated TB, and that a proportion of these non-sputum bodily fluids will detect both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis when sputum or gastric culture does not.

Ethambutol is widely used as first-line drug, but has serious side effect of optic neuropathy. As previously reported, incidence of ethambutol optic neuropathy is about 1~2%, there was considerable screening efforts and medical cost is increasing. However, there is no effective treatment of ethambutol optic neuropathy or no definite preventable measure. Moreover, multi-drug resistance tuberculosis or extensively drug resistance tuberculosis is emerging, more toxic secondary drug is used in the long-term. It is known that retinal nerve fiber layer is increased early stage in ethambutol optic neuropathy. So we decide to evaluate the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measured by optical coherence tomography in longitudinal manner.