Active clinical trials for "Vomiting"

The drugs with both high potency and low side effects are preferred in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) which is a common problem. This prospective randomized study aimed to compare the efficacy of paracetamol on PONV in adults undergoing maxillofacial surgery.

Background. Many studies have demonstrated reduced postoperative pain in patients undergoing lower pneumoperitoneum pressure level during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, most of them has shown a high risk of bias and low or very low quality of evidence. Considering the need to evaluate, not only the postoperative pain, but the effect of anesthesia and surgery on patient recovery and satisfaction, we have designed a prospective, randomised and double-blinded study to evaluate the quality of recovery, using the Quality of Recovery Questionnaire (QoR-40), in patients undergoing LC under low-pressure or standard pressure pneumoperitoneum. Methods. Eighty patients aged 18 to 65 years of age will be randomised into 2 groups: LP (low-pressure - 10mmHg) or S (standard - 14 mmHg) enrolled in the study. Anesthesia will be induced with remifentanil, propofol and rocuronium and the maintenance will be achieved with sevoflurane and remifentanil Anesthesiologists and surgeons will not have access to insufflation pressure display. The primary outcome will be assessed using the Quality of Recovery Questionnaire (QoR-40) which is a 40-item quality of recovery scoring system. In addition, the intraoperative rocuronium consumption, time to eye opening (time from the discontinuation of anesthetics to eye opening), post-operative nausea and vomiting, pain score, analgesic use, and length of PACU stay (time to Aldrete score ≥ 9) will be recorded.

In the present study, midazolam and palonosetron in combination were more effective than palonosetron alone in lowering the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the initial 2 h after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Postoperative clinical complications were not different in both groups.

Olanzapine is frequently used off-label as an adjunct antiemetic in clinical oncology settings. North American oncology guidelines recommend it as salvage therapy and as add-on to the standard triple regimen; some suggest it may also be effective as an initial triple therapy (olanzapine replacing the NK-1 antagonist) based on phase II and III trials. This prospective, multi-center, open-label study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a large scale randomised controlled trial to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of 5mg orally once daily olanzapine in triple antiemetic therapy versus the standard treatment of aprepitant + ondansetron + dexamethasone in treatment-naive patients receiving the first cycle of a highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Secondary outcomes include effectiveness, tolerability and quality of life assessments. Effectiveness will be measured with complete response and complete remission rates in each treatment arms. Tolerability and patient quality of life will be evaluated with a standardised side effect form and validated questionnaires; ESAS-R and FLIE. The role of olanzapine-based triple therapy in prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting remains founded on low-quality evidence. To the investigator's knowledge, this study will be the first large scale direct comparison of 5mg olanzapine versus aprepitant in triple therapy.

this study will aim to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine, dexamethasone and Ondansetron on the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing dental rehabilitation surgery.

Some adults are at a higher risk of feeling sick (nausea) or being sick (vomiting) after they have surgery. In this study, these adults will have planned surgery. The main aim of this study is to learn if TAK-951 stops these adults from getting nausea or vomiting after surgery. This will be compared with another medicine called ondansetron. Another aim is to check for side effects from the study medicines. Before surgery, the study doctor will check who can take part in this study. Those who can take part will be picked for either Treatment Group A or Treatment Group B by chance. Treatment Group A: Just before surgery, participants will receive a placebo slowly through a vein (infusion). Just before the end of the surgery, they will receive TAK-951 as an injection under the skin. Treatment Group B: Just before surgery, participants will receive ondansetron slowly through a vein (infusion). Just before the end of the surgery, they will receive a placebo as an injection under the skin. In this study, a placebo will look like TAK-951 but will not have any medicine in it. Participants will not know which study medicines they received, or in which order, nor will their study doctors or surgeons. This is to help make sure the results are more reliable. Participants will stay in the hospital for 24 hours after their surgery so that the study doctors can check for nausea and vomiting. The study doctors will also check for side effects from the study medicines. Participants will visit the hospital for a check-up 14 days later.

Investigators aim to determine the optimal dose of granisetron in strabismus ophthalmic surgeries under general anesthesia to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the few most severe adverse effects of chemotherapy, which often panic patients undergoing cancer treatment. Though acute episodes of CINV are well controlled with pharmacologic agents, delayed CINV continues to present a treatment challenge. Significant progress has been made over the past many years in discovering the pathophysiology of CINV. Primarily, three areas in the brain including central pattern generator (CPG), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and area postrema (AP) are implicated in generating emetic reflex in all types of CINV (anticipatory, acute and delayed). The latter two areas NTS and AP are located at the caudal end of the fourth ventricle of brain which lies outside of the blood brain barrier and hence are stimulated by agents present in either blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Furthermore, NTS and AP are rich in muscarinic, dopamine, serotonin, neurokinin (NK1) and histamine receptors which are particularly important in delayed CINV. Clinical trials of antimuscarinic, antidopaminergic, antihistaminic drugs to prevent CINV have yielded inconclusive results except for olanzapine which is known to act on multiple receptors in NTS/AP. Only NK1 antagonists (e.g. aprepitant) which prevent substance P (SP) from binding to NK1 receptors have shown promising results and are clinically used to prevent delayed CINV. SP is a tachykinin peptide encoded by TAC1 (tachykinin precursor 1) gene and is found abundant in both peripheral and CNS. NK1 receptors in NTS/AP upon binding with SP will generate emetic reflex which will trigger delayed CINV. Though the topical analgesic drug capsaicin is reported to interfere with endogenous SP, its antiemetic potential in CINV has not been studied. This study intend to explore the antiemetic potential of capsaicin which is known to interfere with SP release in the GIT and CNS.

The study has been designed as a prospective randomized clinical trial. Due to the use of a bispectral (BIS) monitor in the interventional arm, the study will not be blinded for the anesthetist. The total planned number of study subjects is 100. Patients will be randomly randomized upon arrival to the operating theatre (using the envelope method) into the interventional arm (BIS monitoring of the depth of general anesthesia), and into the control group (standard management of general anesthesia to minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) 1,0). The target values of the depth of general anesthesia according to BIS are between 40 and 60.

Today, surgical applications are used to solve many health problems. In order for the surgical intervention to take place, anesthesia applications are often required. Complications such as sore throat, thirst and nausea and vomiting may occur as a result of trauma, local irritation and inflammation of the airway mucosa during anesthesia and tracheal intubation. These complications are in the postoperative period; It may cause delayed oral fluid intake, prolonged dehydration, oral odour, and increased risk of aspiration, hematoma and wound dehiscence due to retching and vomiting, all of which may lead to delayed discharge and increased cost. Aromatherapy, one of the non-pharmacological applications, is frequently applied in reducing postoperative complications and its effectiveness is stated. In this study, the aromatic solution applied after the surgery; It was planned to examine the effect on sore throat, thirst, nausea-vomiting. In addition, the multimodal synergistic effect of lavender oil and ginger oil used in the aromatic solution to be prepared will be utilized. As a result of this study, the effectiveness of the aromatic solution application to be applied to the patients in the postoperative period and the benefits and benefits of the patient's recovery process will be determined. Thus, effective application can be made for the entire postoperative period. It is thought that this study to be conducted will be a guide for future studies on the patient group.