All clinical trials

This thesis aims to evaluate the ability of preoperative plethysmographic variability index to predict post-induction hypotension in comparison with ultrasound measurements of inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter.

This study is a cohort study with patients with advanced NSCLC. Patients will answer questionnaires about symptoms and quality of life and will be submitted to physical and blood tests, and computer tomography. The aim of this study is to estimate prognostic factors predicting survival to 3 months in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Previous studies have reported that asthmatic or chronic pulmonary obstructive disease patients have an increased response to pain stimulus. However, this aspect has not been evaluated in allergic patients. Additionally, the difference in pain sensitivity between asymptomatic period crisis have not been evaluated yet.

Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy involving theurinary system and the ninth most common malignancy worldwide .In Egypt, the urinary bladder cancer accounted for about 31% of the total incidence of cancers that subsequently decreased to 12% in the recent years .Transitional cell (Urothelial) carcinoma is the most common type of bladder cancer, about more than 90% all bladder cancers . Other pathological types are less common such as squamous cell carcinoma (observed in about 5% of bladder cancers), adenocarcinoma (observed in approximately 1% of bladder cancers) and small cell carcinoma. Urothelial carcinomas are divided clinically into superficial tumors and muscle invasive tumors. Grossly they may appear in various forms, most commonly papillary, but may also appear as a nodule or an irregular solid growth .Accurate prediction of progression is essential need in T1 bladder cancer (BCa) because the stakes are high for this disease. About one-third of patients never recur after initial treatment, one-third have cancer that recurs as non-muscle invasive BCa (NMIBC), and one-third progress to muscle-invasive BCa with significantly worse clinical outcome . Recurrence and progression rates for pT1 tumors are highly variable Accurate prediction of progression is essential need in T1 bladder cancer management. There is difficulty in predication of T1 progression due to intrinsic difficulty in assessing the presence and extent of invasion. Patient prognosis and management have been affected by the Identification of the muscularis mucosa (MM) by Dixon and Gosling in 1983 . Elderly patients with bladder cancer frequently have comorbid conditions that make conservative management preferable for early invasive urothelial carcinomas. Several studies have explored the utility of evaluating the spatial relationship of invasive tumor to the Muscularis mucosa for sub classification of pT1 urothelial carcinomas . Muscularis mucosa consists of thin and wavy fascicles of smooth muscle frequently associated with large, thin-walled blood vessels in the submucosa of the bladder wall . It can be identified in 15-83% of biopsy specimens . T1 bladder staging has been changing and led to its classification into two groups: T1a (minimally invasive) tumors (i.e., tumors that extend into the lamina propria but are located above the level of the MM), and T1b (invasive) tumors (i.e., tumors that invade beyond the MM). Treatments for T1 bladder cancers are grouped into three categories. First, the tumour can be resected (TURBT) at the initial or restaging setting, which can be performed with white or blue-light cystoscopy. The second approach involves intravesical BCG administration with multiple years of maintenance therapy. Finally, aggressive or high risk T1 bladder cancers can be managed by radical cystectomy at 'early' or 'delayed' time points relative to diagnosis .

Postoperative neurocognitive disorders, including postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperaive cognitive dysfunction (POCD), are common complications of perioperative neurocognition in elderly patients undergoing surgery. POD and POCD have short- and long-term consequences, such as increased hospital stays and costs, augmented morbidity and mortality, as well as higher risk for cognitive decline later in life. Therefore, early prevention and diagnosis of these conditions is of great importance. A number of psychometric tests have been proposed as cognitive screening tools. Given the fact that many of them show weaknesses and difficulties in performance, scientists have sought for more useful alternatives. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is considered to be a good choice, as it has been successfully applied in the perioperative setting. What's more, it has been translated and validated for a Greek population with neurological disorders. Addenbrooke's Congnitive Examination III (ACE III) has been introduced recently into clinical practice. It is an easy to perform and detailed test that covers several neurocognitive domains and has shown high sensitivity and specificity in clinical conditions, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Although current literature lacks data concerning its perioperative use, ACE III could prove useful for screening patients undergoing surgery and anesthesia on the basis of its favorable characteristics as mentioned above. The aim of this study is to translate the ACE III (English version 2012) into Greek and assess its validity in perioperative patients aged >55 years.

The primary objective is to evaluate the clinical, functional and radiological results in patients treated with posterior MIPO for Humerus Diaphyseal Fractures With Extra-articular Distal Humeral Anatomical Plate.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-Immunoglobulin G (IgG) have recently been described as a biomarker of a novel inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disorder, termed autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy. Thus far, four major clinical series have been published (two from Mayo Clinic USA, one from Italy and one from China). GFAP-IgG detected in serum or in cerebrospinal fluid, by tissue-based assay and confirmed by cell-based assay, are associated with encephalitis or meningoencephalitis of acute or subacute onset, less frequently with myelitis or optic disk edema. The characteristic MRI feature is brain linear perivascular radial gadolinium enhancement in the white matter perpendicular to the ventricle, consistent with the immunohistochemical staining pattern of GFAP in rodent brain sections. Approximately 20% of reported cases are associated with a neoplasm (ovarian teratoma mostly). Coexisting neural autoantibodies are described in some patients, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor (R)-IgG mostly, followed by aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG. The disease is usually corticosteroid responsive although relapse can occur. In contrast, Chinese patients display poorer outcomes. Pathophysiology is not well understood but the intracellular antigen location makes GFAP-IgG unlikely pathogenic whereas animal models and neuropathologic data suggest a T-cell immune-mediated disorder. The aim of the investigators is to report the first French cohort of patients GFAP-IgG positive. Investigators retrospectively assessed clinical, immunological and radiological features, treatment response and outcomes.

SCOPE-PLUS is an optional substudy of the observational SCOPE Study (Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease among Older People across Europe, NCT02691546). The objective of the SCOPE-PLUS study is to derive new equations based on innovative and novel biomarkers of CKD function and compare its accuracy to measure GFR in the population older than 75 years.

Management of fetal macrosomia is based on a suspicion of macrosomia (no certainty before birth). This management is an artificial induction of labour for an earlier delivery and therefore a lower fetal weight gain. Several studies have already shown that ultrasound performed during the third trimester of pregnancy was not a perfect tool for this screening.

In Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy era, fatty liver has become an important cause of liver function damage in people living with HIV (PLWH). There are a large number of PLWH in China who are infected with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, drugs, alcohol, etc. affect each other, which makes the cause, diagnosis, and treatment of liver function damage in PLWH complicated in China. The investigators plan to conduct a large-scale questionnaire survey among PLWH in Zhejiang Province to assess liver function, detect liver Injuries early, and analyze HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, anti-HIV drugs, alcohol and other factors associate with liver injuries in PLWH, to provide basis for the treatment and prevention of liver disease in PLWH in eastern China.