Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms"

The purpose of this study is to determine if tumor cells can be detected in the blood of patients diagnosed with a brain tumor.

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive monoclonal B-cell malignancy that is rare (sporadic) worldwide, but is 100-fold more common (endemic) in equatorial Africa, particularly among children. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and malaria are epidemiologically linked to endemic BL in epidemiologic studies, but questions remain about role of EBV variants and the evidence for association with malaria is weak. EBV is ubiquitous, yet only few children develop BL, possibly because only a few EBV variants are pathogenically relevant. The association of BL with malaria is based on ecologic and non-comparative clinical studies. Two case-control studies have reported significant association of high anti-malarial antibodies with BL (OR=5_ among children in Uganda and in Malawi, but selection bias (cases and controls came from dissimilar geographical areas) and reverse causality bias were limitations. Three studies were conducted in the 1960s and 70s to test association of carriage of malaria-resistance gene with BL, two of which reported a significant or marginal inverse association. These pioneering studies were small (240 cases all together) and looked at one polymorphism in one gene (sickle cell gene). Improvements in technologies to characterize genetic variation allow the EBV and malaria hypotheses to be examined with greater power by looking at genetic variation across multiple genes. Epidemiology of Burkitt lymphoma in East African children and minors (EMBLEM) is a case-control study of 1500 BL cases and 3000 age-, sex- and residence-frequency matched controls we are proposing to conduct in East Africa. The study will enroll cases at four hospitals in four regions in East Africa, where malaria transmission is holoendemic and year round. The controls will be enrolled from general population attendees at Health Center II (HC-II) units where the cases originated. The primary study objectives are: 1) to test the hypothesis that genetic resistance to malaria is associated with a lower risk of BL, and 2) to use genome-wide association methods to discover genetic variation that may be associated with decreased or increased risk of BL. Because genetic variation conveys no information on actual exposure to malaria or EBV, in secondary analyses, we will use empiric epidemiological questionnaire and laboratory methods: a) to measure exposure to malaria and its association with BL, and b) to measure EBV variants and their association with BL. To examine issues related to bias and to obtain data to correct for deviations, we will also enroll 2250 population controls from 5% of the villages to obtain population distribution of key exposures variables. This data will be used to reweight the distribution in HC-II controls back to the general population. ...

The prevalence of endometrial polyp is 24% in the general population but is much higher in postmenopausal women. The incidence of malignant or pre-malignant findings in endometrial polyps ranges from 2 to 10% in menopausal women. Removal of endometrial polyps in postmenopausal symptomatic women is the standard of care, same goes for asymptomatic women with risk factors for endometrial malignancy, however treatment of asymptomatic postmenopausal women with endometrial polyp but no risk factors is disputable. In light of ambiguity in literature regarding the rate of malignant and pre-malignant findings in polyps in asymptomatic post-menopausal women, the investigators are asking to conduct a prospective study in order to evaluate and compare the incidence of malignant and pre-malignant changes in symptomatic and asymptomatic postmenopausal women with endometrial polyp

This protocol was opened to collect long term survival information on subjects enrolled in a previous study which evaluated the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and concomitant chemoradiotherapy with organ preserving optional surgery on overall survival, time to progression, pattern of disease recurrence in patient with locally advanced head and neck cancer. The last surviving subject was last treated in 1989, and was lost to follow up in 2010.

There is no data at present concerning the KRAS mutation in patients from Martinique with colorectal cancer. Despite the fact that the incidence of this disease continues to increase there is no recent data to confirm it. This study has a descriptive purpose, allowing a comparison of the population from Martinique to other populations. A study of incidence of colorectal cancer, overseen by the Association from Martinique for the Epidemiological Search on Cancer (AMREC), also leads to a better knowledge of the local characteristics of the colorectal cancer. These two descriptive characteristics of colorectal cancer in Martinique will be useful data for the health professionals to provide their patients better care.

The researcher develop non-invasive imaging modalities for assessment of port wine stain during laser therapy treatment of Port Wine Stain. The imaging modalities will be used to guide immediate retreatment of regions of persistent perfusion during the procedure.

The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term outcome in a cohort of Gardner-Syndrome patients receiving prophylaxis and treatment for intestinal and non-intestinal tumors.

This is an expanded access protocol designed to make Lucanix® available to subjects with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are not eligible for the Phase III Protocol, NR001-03. A total of 45 patients will be enrolled into the study.

The purpose of this study is to collect blood samples and study cancer cells found in these blood samples from patients with pancreatic cancer. Prior research has discovered that tumor cells can be collected from the blood of patients with pancreatic and other cancers. The physicians have developed techniques for isolating and analyzing cancer cells using a simple blood test. They will study how these cells relate to how chemotherapy works. They hope to use this information to guide choices of treatment for patients in the future.

Water method with water exchange has been shown to reduce medication requirement and pain experienced during colonoscopy. It increases the success rate of cecal intubation in sedated and unsedated patients undergoing screening colonoscopy. Exchange of water during scope insertion minimizes distension of the colonic lumen and decreases loop formation. Exclusion of air from the colon during insertion by omission of air insufflations and suction removal of residual air prevent elongation of the colon. These maneuvers facilitate colonoscopy insertion in average patients and may enhance the success of difficult colonoscopy. Prior abdominal or pelvic surgery is an independent factor for difficult colonoscopy, the probable adhesion may change the anatomy and increase the discomfort of patients. We postulate that these patients may benefit from using the water method for colonoscopy. In this proposal we test the hypothesis that compared with conventional air insufflations the water method with water exchange significantly enhances the success rate of cecal intubation in patients with prior abdominal or pelvic surgery. The aim of the study is to compare the outcome of colonoscopy using the water method versus the conventional air method in patients with prior abdominal or pelvic surgery. The primary outcome is cecal intubation success rate. The secondary outcomes include cecal intubation time, maximum pain score during colonoscopy, overall pain score after colonoscopy and adenoma detection rate.