Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Tract (Lung and Bronchial) Diseases"

The aim of this study is to find out if endoscopic sinus surgery improves the quality of life in patients suffering from recurrent acute rhinosinusitis. Our main outcome is the difference between the average change in disease-specific SNOT-22 quality of life questionnaire scores (from baseline to 5-6 months follow-up) between the intervention and the control groups.

The anti-tumor activity of anti-PD-1 therapy and VEGF inhibitor in TKI-resistant EGFR-mutated non-squamous NSCLC Chinese patients will be investigated in this clinical trial.

This phase I trial studies the side effects and how well papaverine hydrochloride and stereotactic radiation therapy body (SBRT) work in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Papaverine hydrochloride may help radiation therapy work better by making tumor cells more sensitive to the radiation therapy. Stereotactic body radiation therapy uses special equipment to position a patient and deliver radiation to tumors with high precision. This method can kill tumor cells with fewer doses over a shorter period and cause less damage to normal tissue. Giving papaverine hydrochloride with SBRT may work in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related mortality. Among them, non small cell lung cancer accounts for 85%. Only part of patients could be treated with radical surgery. Mitochondria-targeted system therapy combined with radiofrequency ablation could be an alternative treatment. Small sample clinical cases verified that this therapy could be an efficacy and safe treatment in a short period. The primary aim of this trial is to determine if the efficacy of mitochondria-targeted system therapy combined with radiofrequency ablation is comparable to that of standard surgical interventions for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

"Antisynthetase syndrome (ASS) is one of the most severe inflammatory myopathy (IM), due to pulmonary involvement (interstitial lung disease, ILD). Until now, the most commonly used immunosuppresive therapy in Europe is Cyclophosphamide followed by different immunosuppressive drugs as maintenance therapy, including Azathioprine (and so called " European Strategy "). In the USA however, the first-line immunosuppressive treatment is Tacrolimus (so called " American Strategy "). None of these two different strategies has ever been studied prospectively, and there is no clear comparison of short and long-term treatment efficacy and tolerance. Thus, there are yet no evidences helping the clinicians in the therapeutic management of patients with ASS-related ILD. The aim of this study is therefore to compare both strategies as first line treatments or in relapsing patients : CATR.PAT study is a 52 weeks, randomized, comparative, controlled, open-labeled, phase III, therapeutic clinical trial, comparing two treatment strategies."

BACKGROUND: Human milk (HM) is recommended for all very low birth infants (VLBW)). Breast-milk is highly variable in nutrient content, failing to meet the nutritional demands of VLBW. Fortification of HM is recommended to prevent extra-uterine growth retardation and associated poor neurodevelopmental outcome. However, standard fortification with fixed dose multicomponent fortifier does not account for the variability in milk composition. Targeted fortification is a promising alternative and needs further investigation. The aim of the study is to evaluate if targeted fortification of human milk may optimize growth and development in preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized single blind controlled trial. METHODS & ANALYSIS: We will recruit preterm infants (≤ 32 weeks of gestation) within the first 7 days of life. After reaching 80 ml/kg/day of enteral feeding, patients will be randomised to receive standard fortification (HMF, Nutricia) or targeted fortification (modular components: Bebilon Bialko, Nutricia - protein, Fantomalt, Nutricia - carbohydrates, Calogen, Nutricia - lipids). The intervention will continue until 37 weeks of post-conception age, or hospital discharge. Parents and outcome assessors will be blinded to the intervention. The primary outcome - weight gain velocity will be measured starting from the day infants regain their birth weight up to 4 weeks, then weekly until discharge. Secondary outcomes such as neurodevelopment at 12 months of corrected age (CA) will be assessed with Bayley Scale of Development III, repeated at 36 months of CA. Additionally a Wescheler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence IV test will be applied at 3,5 years of CA. Secondary outcomes such as length and head growth, body composition will be assesed at discharge and at 4 months. Incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), sepsis, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) will also be followed.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate effect of benralizumab on structural and lung function changes in severe eosinophilic asthmatics. Changes will be assessed over 48 week treatment period in patients with persistent symptoms despite standard therapy of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) plus long acting B2-agonist (LABA) with or without additional controller medication. Patients who complete treatment will enter 4 weeks follow-up period.

This two-part study will include a dose escalation part to determine the recommended dose for expansion of DS8201a and pembrolizumab and a dose expansion part to evaluate efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the combination.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common diseases worldwide and is considered a public health problem. The World Health Organization estimates that about 210 million people have COPD. Disease-related mortality is more than 3 million, representing 5% of all deaths, 90% of this mortality being concentrated in middle- and low-income countries. COPD can be subdivided into chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Emphysema, the focus of this project, is histologically defined by the permanent increase of the distal air spaces to the terminal bronchioles associated with the destruction of the alveolar septa in the lung. Approximately two-thirds of adult men and a quarter of women (most without dysfunction) will have well-defined emphysema, but often of limited extent. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, microbicide and repair potential. Regarding COPD, several authors have concentrated efforts in the investigation of the relationship between the severity of the condition and the various sources of adult stem cells. Apparently the lungs have a high chemotactic effect in relation to adult stem cells, since several studies have evidenced a high implantation (6-20%) of stem cells derived from bone marrow, administered systemically, in the pulmonary tissue of receptors. Therefore, MSCs has been tested in different lung diseases have no effective treatment, such as pulmonary fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, COPD positive results, such as reduction of fibrosis, reduction of proliferation inflammatory cells and cytokines, reduction of infectious processes and recovery of the histological changes caused by pulmonary emphysema. Based on these findings, the purpose of this project is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic administration of bone marrow stem cells in patients with severe homogeneous emphysema and evaluating the feasibility, efficacy and safety of this procedure.

In recent years, a number of randomized controlled trials have confirmed the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). Indeed, the latest American clinical guidelines recommended acupuncture treatment for AR patients who are interested in non-pharmacological treatment. In conventional acupuncture treatment for AR, needles are inserted at specific acupoints in the body; with several studies demonstrating acupuncture of sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) to improve nasal symptoms and quality of life in nasal inflammatory diseases. The investigators hypothesize that, compared with sham acupuncture and rescue medication (RM), active SPG acupuncture combined with RM would lead to greater improvements in symptoms score and reduction in overall need for antihistamines. To test this hypothesis the investigators design a randomized, double blind, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of SPG acupuncture in pollen-induced seasonal AR patients and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms.