Improving Glycemic Control With Electrical Stimulation in Mexican-Americans

Once written consent is obtained, the participant will be provided with an accelerometer to be worn for 7 days to assess current physical activity levels. Subjects will be provided with a standardized diet (55/15/30% CHO/PRO/FAT) prior to collection of pre-intervention data of insulin sensitivity. Individuals will then participate in an 8-week electrical stimulation intervention (30min/day, 3x/week) and randomized into placebo/control, NMES, resistance training combined with NMES (RT +NMES), or resistance training (RT) group (n=15 per group), followed by collection of post-intervention data. The control group will receive electrical stimulation up to sensory level, the NMES group will receive stimulation up to tolerable intensity to induce visible muscle contraction, the RT+ NMES will receive stimulation up to tolerable intensity during resistance training, and the RT group will only receive exercise training. Pre-and post-intervention data includes measurements for body composition, resting metabolic rate, VO2max, insulin sensitivity, and comprehensive blood work.

Insulin Sensitivity will be measured through repeated blood sampling during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Continuous Glucose Monitoring

Respiratory Exchange Ratio will be used to quantify substrate utilization (fats vs carbohydrates) through the use of indirect calorimetry of in vivo gas exchange

Inclusion Criteria: Overweight/Obese (BMI ≥25) Sedentary Lifestyle: Physical Activity Level<1.4 Less than 150min/week of structured Exercise Exclusion Criteria: Use of anti-hypertensive, lipid-lowering or insulin sensitizing medications Excessive alcohol, drug abuse, smoking Pregnant Women Unwilling to adhere to the study Intervention