Effects of Capsimax on Appetite, Energy Intake and Blood Pressure

Obesity is an ongoing major public health problem in most countries of the world for which the agrifood industry still remains criticized because of the abundant offer of high sugar-lipid-energy dense foods, particularly in the fast-food sector. The resulting societal pressure on the food industry probably explains in part the efforts that have been deployed to seek natural active ingredients and to develop functional foods favorably influencing energy balance. Capsaicin is a food non-nutrient constituent that was shown to decrease appetite sensations and subsequent energy intake. The measurement of heart rate variability revealed an association between the increase in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity and the satiating effects induced by capsaicin. This is concordant with the observation that pre-prandial intake of capsaicin, be it in capsules or diluted in tomato juice, increased satiety and reduced energy intake. The objective of this study is to evaluate the long effects of Capsimax on appetite sensations and energy expenditure under conditions of moderate energy restriction and to evaluate the long-term effects of Capsimax on energy intake and expenditure under conditions of moderate energy restriction.

Capsimax, 2 capsules per day, for 12 weeks Medicinal ingredient: Capsicum annuum Quantity (per capsule): 100.0 mg

Visual analog scales used after a standardized breakfast and a buffet-type meal to measure hunger, fullness, satiety and desire to eat.

The evaluation of the endocannabinoid system done on OpenArray TaqMan according to the expression in RNA of about fifty genes of this system and by their quantification by HPLC coupled to MS / MS mass spectrometry and / or by ion capture. IT-TOF

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a validated questionnaire which evaluates sleep quality and disturbance over a 1-month time interval. The PSQI gives a score for seven different components : subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping. medication, and daytime dysfunction

Feeding behaviors measured by two validated questionnaires : The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) which measures three main dimensions of human eating behaviors such as cognitive restraint, disinhibition and susceptibility for hunger and the Food cravings questionnaire

The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is a commonly used measure of trait and state anxiety. It can be used in clinical settings to diagnose anxiety and to distinguish it from depressive syndromes. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-item, self-report rating inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression.

Inclusion Criteria: Premenopausal women Between 18 and 50 years Healthy Non-smoker BMI between 25 and 35 kg/m2 Weight stability Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant or menopausal woman History of losing and gaining weight (yo-yo) Taking medication for diabetes, hypertension, depression, or hypothyroid Taking a supplement for weight loss Vegetarian, vegan, intolerant to gluten or pepper (investigational product), and severe allergy to peanuts or nuts Suffers from Irritable Bowel Syndrome or gastro-oesophageal reflux Suffers from stomach ulcers or inflammation Other serious conditions such as cardiovascular, renal, liver, and lung diseases History of drug abuse and current alcohol abuse Use of any medication (including over-the-counter medications and herbal remedies) such as grapefruit juice, piperine, NSAIDs, etc.