Active clinical trials for "Behavior, Addictive"

Low back pain and neck pain are common problems that affect people at certain times in their lives. These people constitute a significant part of the disease burden due to their recurrent complaints. People with low back and neck pain often seek medical attention. This situation causes individuals to apply to the hospital frequently and causes a serious cost at the social level. When the risk factors for neck pain are examined, many factors such as genetics, sleep problems, smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, poor posture, previous neck pain, trauma, back pain and poor general health cause neck pain to develop. Similarly, conditions such as age, obesity, and poor general health appear to be risk factors for low back pain. In addition to these risk factors, it has been reported that occupational factors such as long and sedentary working hours and unsuitable workplace conditions may also cause low back and neck pain. Fixed posture and prolonged sitting are thought to be risk factors for low back and neck pain, but opinions on this subject are not clear. The COVID-19 pandemic has created a global crisis since 2019 and caused a change in the lifestyle of all people around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) stated that social distance should be increased and face-to-face contact should be reduced to prevent the spread of the pandemic. For this reason, many institutions have decided to work remotely and trainings have been carried out remotely. The increasing teleworking style with the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in the average screen time of individuals. It was reported that time spent on the Internet increased by 52% compared to the pre-pandemic period. This study aims to investigate the relationship between increased teleworking hours and internet use during the pandemic period in individuals with low back or neck pain. Researchers think that postural changes that may occur with increased distance working time, increased fixed posture and asymmetrical loading may contribute to the uncertain relationship between low back and neck pain and posture.

High relapse rates among substance dependent individuals are likely due to a combination of factors that involve limbic circuits in the brain involved in craving, including vulnerability to salient cues. Emerging data suggests that non-invasive, targeted brain stimulation may be able to modulate activity in these circuits and decrease craving. The primary goal of this pilot study is to determine the extent to which a single session of continuous theta burst stimulation to the medial prefrontal cortex can attenuate limbic circuitry involved in craving among cocaine users and alcohol users. This will be tested through a double-blind,sham-controlled brain stimulation and brain imaging study in a cohort of polysubstance abusers and alcohol users.

The primary purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of a pilot mobile based continuing care program (monitoring/feedback texting) relative to standard continuing care as usual in reducing relapse and improving psychosocial functioning outcomes in a youth population (under 24) with substance abuse problems.

This study will develop a clinical decision support tool that assists primary care providers in carrying out substance use interventions, and then compare (in Phase 2) two clinical scenarios, screening only (SO) vs. SUSIT, (on dose of substance use brief intervention received) and changes in drug use at 3 and 6 months, among primary care patients. Investigators will develop the Clinical Decision Support (CDS) component and then test the full SUSIT approach, using mixed methods to assess its acceptability and adoption, and gathering preliminary data on its efficacy for reducing unhealthy drug use. CDS development is concurrent with the SO phase to avoid losing valuable time, but will be conducted at a secondary study site to avoid contaminating the SO condition.

In this pretest-posttest, randomized controlled study, the effect of the empowerment program developed based on Roy Adaptation on the healthy lifestyle behaviors, self-esteem and social media addiction of nursing students will be examined. The hypothesis of this study is that the empowerment program based on Roy Adaptation Model reduces Social Media Addiction, increases Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and Self-Esteem.

This project will develop and pilot test a new smartphone-based system for AUD patients, their partners, and clinicians called PartnerCHESS. PartnerCHESS will integrate key features of ABCT and A-CHESS. PartnerCHESS will also include a Clinician Report to automatically alert clinicians of patients at risk of relapse and offer other information on how recovery is proceeding. The project has three specific aims: Integrate A-CHESS with key features of ABCT to create PartnerCHESS to serve patients, partners, and clinicians. Conduct a pilot test (a small randomized clinical trial) of PartnerCHESS to estimate effect size and refine the protocol, procedures, recruitment strategy, measurements, and operations for use in a large RCT. 3a. Decide whether to pursue an R01 application, and if so, 3b. plan for the R01.

This study, which was planned to examine the effects of cognitive behavioral approach-based psychoeducation on addiction profiles, self-efficacy levels and addiction courses in patients with substance use disorders, was carried out as a randomized controlled experimental study.

This study aims at testing for the impact of glutamatergic changes on drug craving in cocaine addiction, and to evaluate the effects of n-acetylcysteine (n-AC) on both glutamate homeostasis and craving using a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled cross-over design.

Background: - Small differences in genes may alter responses to drugs. One gene that has different forms is the mu opioid receptor gene. People with one form of this gene are more sensitive to alcohol. People with a different form are sometimes more sensitive to pain. Morphine and other prescription pain pills produce pain relief by acting at the mu opioid receptor. Researchers want to see the effect of morphine on brain reward and subjective effects. Morphine is a strong but short-acting pain medication that is sometimes used for anesthesia during surgery. Objectives: - To compare the effect of morphine on brain measures of dopamine release using imaging. Eligibility: - Individuals between 21 and 55 years of age who have previously taken pain pills prescribed to treat pain from a medical or dental procedure. Design: This study has a screening phase and a study phase. The screening phase involves one or two visits of 5 to 6 hours. The study phase consists of 4 study visits. Each study visit will take about 8 hours. Participants will be screened with a medical and psychiatric history and physical exam. They will be asked about drinking and drug-taking history, and any family history of alcoholism or drug abuse. Blood, urine, and breath samples will be collected. During the first study visit, an MRI scan may be performed, questionnaires completed, and a blood sample collected for genetic testing. During study visit 2, participants will test their pain sensitivity by placing one hand in cold water. Pupil diameter will be measured after the sensitivity test. After a blood sample is taken, participants will receive the morphine or a salt solution. The sensitivity test and pupil diameter test will be repeated. Final blood samples will be collected. A brief physical exam will also be performed. During study visits 3 and 4, participants will receive morphine or a salt solution during a PET scan. Questionnaires to assess subjective effects will be administered. Final blood samples will be collected. A brief physical exam will also be performed. Participants will stay in the clinic until the effects of the drug have worn off after study visits 2, 3, and 4. About 1 week after the study session, participants will have a follow-up phone call.

The goal of the proposed study is to examine the abuse liability and substitutability of plausible menthol cigarette alternatives currently on the market, including menthol filtered little cigars (mFLC), menthol roll-your-own (mRYO) pipe tobacco and cigarette tubes, and non-menthol cigarettes (nmC). In addition, the study will elucidate real-time mechanisms including product characteristics and perceived effects associated with greater substitution.