Active clinical trials for "Carcinoma"

This study is a survey in Japan of Cabozantinib tablets used to treat people with a type of kidney cancer called renal cell carcinoma. The study sponsor will not be involved in how the participants are treated but will provide instructions on how the clinics will record what happens during the study. The main aim of the study is to check for side effects from Cabozantinib. During the study, participants with renal cell carcinoma will take Cabozantinib tablets according to their clinic's standard practice. The study doctors will check for side effects from Cabozantinib for 26 weeks.

This is a Phase 1/2, open-label, first-in-human (FIH) study is designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of BLU-701 as monotherapy or in combination with either osimertinib or platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with EGFRm NSCLC.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal is a relatively rare cancer (less than 3% of digestive cancers) but its incidence has been increasing in recent decades, probably because of its association with HPV (human papillomavirus) infection. Its extension is mainly locoregional pelvic by lymphatic route, rarely metastatic. The standard treatment nowadays is radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced tumors (T2 or more corresponding to a size of 2 cm or more, or N+): mitomycin C and 5-FU (or capecitabine). While the 5-year disease control rates are excellent in localized forms, around 80%, for locally advanced tumors, the prognosis is poorer, with only 70% progression-free survival at 3 years in patients treated with radiochemotherapy. In these patients, it seems particularly interesting to understand the mechanisms of tumor resistance to treatments, in order to increase their efficacy and to propose new therapeutic targets. The microenvironment of solid tumors, which has been extensively studied in the last two decades, is now recognized as a major factor in tumor development and invasion. Immune cells, and more particularly macrophages, represent an essential component of the tumor microenvironment, and constitute a link between innate and adaptive responses. The presence of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and in particular M2 macrophages, with an anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor action (as opposed to M1 macrophages which are on the contrary tumoricidal and pro-inflammatory), has been studied in many cancers, such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. To investigator's knowledge, it has not been studied in squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.

This phase II trial tests whether atezolizumab works to shrink tumors before surgery in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer with an unknown or historic primary site that has spread to other places in the lymph nodes (regionally metastatic). Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as atezolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving atezolizumab before surgery may reduce the size of the tumor.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Cabozantinib in the treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma.

The goal of this observational study is to explore the role of prediction of microvascular invasion by radiomics based on pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging for guiding treatment of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B hepatocellular carcinoma.

In our previous study (title: Expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules class II- HLA-DR in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. ID 2222)the Authors verified that the epithelial cells of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck acquire the ability to express HLA-DR. Although the role of the expression of these molecules on neoplastic cells still remains controversial, a positive association between HLA-DR expression and clinical outcome was observed by us in analogy to what was reported by several studies on various types of tumors : in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, colorectal cancer , stomach cancer and others. In these tumors the expression of HLA-DR correlates with the presence of immune cells such as CD16+/CD11c macrophage myeloid cells, associated with a good prognosis and T cells which, recalled in the damaged tissue, they determine the formation of an immunogenic microenvironment that could support an anti-tumor immune response. Oncology studies are in fact focusing on the role of the tumor microenvironment which is characterized by different cell populations, among which the most abundant population is represented by tumor-associated fibroblasts (CAF). CAFs are fibroblasts which, in a tumor context, assume a phenotype similar to that of myo-fibroblasts and are distinguishable from normal fibroblasts by a greater expression of α-sma, FAP and FSP-1, which represent their specific markers, as well as a greater expression of vimentin, fibronectin, and type XI collagen. Numerous evidences in different types of tumors have reported both the immunosuppressive role, as these cells are capable in vitro of inhibiting the proliferation of T lymphocytes, to favor their apoptosis or to induce the phenotype of regulatory T lymphocytes; and the pro-tumor role, as they are capable of promoting tumor proliferation and invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, thus contributing to the worsening of the prognosis. Many studies are directing their research on which factors secreted by CAFs are responsible for their function. In particular, among the many factors secreted by CAFs, there are the interleukins IL-17 and IL-33 which, as it has been demonstrated, can induce the activation of HLA-DR molecules on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells . It therefore seems interesting to investigate the role of HLA-DR in relation to the presence of the tumor microenvironment represented by CAFs.

This pragmatic study looks to quantify the testing timeline, operational barriers, and outcomes of biomarker-guided therapy in a large, community-based, and largely unselected patient population with early stage and advanced stage, treatment-naive non-small cell lung cancer, whether squamous or non-squamous.

This study is a multicenter, non-interventional, retrospective, medical chart review of patients with metastatic renal cell cancer(mRCC) treated with avelumab plus axitinib as a first-line therapy in Japan between 20 December 2019 and 17 October 2022. All decisions regarding clinical management and treatment of the participating patients were made by the investigator as part of standard care in real-world clinical setting and were not contingent upon the patient's participation in the study. Data will be collected if available per study site.

This is a Phase II, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MOXR0916 in combination with atezolizumab versus placebo and atezolizumab in participants with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) who have not received prior systemic therapy in the locally advanced/metastatic setting and who are ineligible to receive cisplatin-based therapy.