Active clinical trials for "Colorectal Neoplasms"

Obesity could increase the risk of many chronic diseases, including hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, high lipid level, diabetes, stroke, endometrial cancer and certain types of cancer which could benefit by secondary prevention through screening programs. The World Cancer Research Fund of the American Institute for Cancer Research has reviewed all the studies about the link between obesity and cancer. Studies shown that obesity is an independent risk factor for colorectal, breast and prostate cancer. These three cancers (will be named as "obesity-related cancers" thereafter) demonstrate a rapidly increasing trend of incidence in Asia in the past decade. Among Chinese adults of Hong Kong in 2014, 39% were overweight or obese (compared with 20.9% reported in European adults in the same year) and up to 69.7% reported that they did not perform any measures to achieve optimal weight control. Men (49.6%) had a higher proportion of overweight or obesity than females (29.5%). Adults who are aged 45-54 had the highest rate (50.5%) of overweight or obesity than other age groups. In addition, there were 62.5% whose physical activity level did not meet the recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO). Only 18.7% consumed at least 5 portions of fruit and vegetables per day; yet about 30% were alcoholic drinkers; and more than 10% were daily or occasional smoker. These figures imply that the incidence of obesity and obesity-related cancers will further escalate - and urgent actions at the community level are needed to combat the rising incidence and mortality of these conditions. According to Hong Kong Cancer Registry, the discrepancy between the number of new cases (incidence) and number of deaths (mortality) is much higher for colorectal, breast and prostate cancer as compared to other cancers. It is well recognized that screening could effectively reduce mortality for these three obesity-related cancers when they are detected at an earlier stage. The concept of a one-stop approach to screen for multiple cancers was found to be feasible, with an ability to detect a wide range of neoplastic lesions at an early stage. In the recent decade, there are also emerging centres that have been established as multi-cancer screening clinics worldwide. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of studies that have highlighted the outcomes of these multi-cancer screening programs.

The investigators will use a mixed methods study i.e. focus groups involving CHC staff as well as quantitative study which involves analyzing data that is available from the EHR and DRVS population management platform.

This research study is studying a drug intervention as a possible chemoprevention strategy for colorectal cancer. The name of the study intervention involved in this study is: Low Dose Aspirin

This is a multi-site comparative effectiveness randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing annual fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and colonoscopy for post-polypectomy surveillance among adults aged 70-82 with a history of colorectal polyps who are due for surveillance colonoscopy.

Adenoma detection rate (ADR) has been the most important quality indicator on colonoscopy because ADR was reversely related with CRC incidence and mortality. Several image enhanced technologies, such as narrow-band imaging (NBI) or linked colour imaging (LCI) had been proved to have ability to increase the ADR. 3D techonology, however, has not been validated on colonoscopy performance. Therefore, current study was to compare the ADR between new 3D colonoscopy and conventional 2D colonoscopy.

One debilitating, and sometimes even life-threatening, toxicity from dihydropyrimidines, e g 5-FU and capecitabine, is gastrointestinal mucositis resulting in, eg severe diarrhoea necessitating in-hospital care including periods of support with iv fluids. The efficacy of current treatment for this adverse effect include iv fluids, loperamide and opioids po and octreotide sc is moderate and new treatment principles or, preferably, ways to prevent such toxicity, are urgently needed. Cholera induced diarrhoea, as well as other forms of diarrhoea-inducing agents, has been shown to elicit a stimulated, endogenous production of a protein, named "antisecretory factor", ASF. ASF acts by modulating secretion of water and ions but also counteracts inflammatory processes. ASF is also produced by hens fed on a diet of fermented grains or a specific diet of sugars and amino acids, leading to an accumulation of the ASF protein in the egg yolk. Spray dried yolk in the form of a powder is commercialized as Salovum registered by the EU authorities as "Food for specific medical purposes". Another way to increase ASF and, thus, to achieve benefit, is to induce its production/ conversion by ingestion of oat flakes, specially processed (similar to malting) to contain the proper mix of sugars and amino acids. Such flakes are also commercially available (SPC-flakes) as "Food for specific medical purposes". Salovum has been shown to rapidly, ie within hours to a few days, antagonize diarrhoeal diseases of various etiologies. It has also been used against high fluid passages and inflammation in Crohns disease, Colitis ulcerosa and carcinoids in adults. SPC-flakes have similar effects but need weeks of administration to emerge. Interestingly from an oncological perspective, provision of exogenous ASF and induction of endogenous ASF has been shown to reduce interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) in tumours, increase tumour uptake of cytotoxic drugs and improve survival in animal tumour models. With this background the present study will investigate if administration of ASF in the form of Salovum combined with induction of endogenous ASF by intake of SPC-flakes might be beneficial in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients to prevent dihydropyrimidine based chemotherapy induced gastrointestinal mucositis and to reduce tumor interstitial fluid pressure .

The purpose of this proposal is to test the efficacy of a patient-centered, tailored message intervention delivered via virtual technology for increasing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening within guidelines among racial/ethnic minority and rural patients. This protocol focuses on the clinical portion of grant NCI 1RCA207689-01A1

To describe the accuracy of FAPI PET/CT in the detection of regional lymph node metastases in patients with colorectal cancer in comparison with standard diagnostic imaging and (in operated patients) histopathology, aiming to provide early evidence of the diagnostic value of FAPI PET/CT.

Through this study, the effectiveness of hypnosis in the realization of a colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal cancer will be evaluated

This phase IIa trial investigates if giving obeticholic acid (OCA) is safe and has a beneficial effect on the number of polyps in the small bowel and colon in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). FAP is a rare gene defect that increases the risk of developing cancer of the intestines and colon. OCA is a drug similar to a bile acid the body makes. It is fluid made and released by the liver. OCA binds to a receptor in the intestine that is believed to have a positive effect on preventing cancer development. OCA has been effective in treating primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), a liver disease, and is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use at a lower dose (10 mg). There have been studies showing that OCA decreases inflammation and fibrosis. However, it is not yet known whether OCA works on reducing the number of polyps in patients with FAP.