Active clinical trials for "Congenital Abnormalities"

During childhood, patients with RASopathies (Noonan syndrome and related diseases) can harbor various hematological anomalies ranging from isolated monocytosis, myelemia, thrombocytopenia or splenomegaly to myeloproliferative disorders. These anomalies may spontaneously disappear or persist, sometimes leading to juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. Guidelines for initial screening and subsequent hematological follow-up have recently been published in France: peripheral blood analysis should be performed in all newly diagnosed patients and followed by biannual peripheral blood analysis in infants until the age of 2 years. In order to describe the characteristics of these abnormalities in terms of their incidence, age of occurrence, evolution and relation to genotype, we are conducting a longitudinal prospective study whose aim is to analyze peripheral blood cell counts and smears at diagnosis and one year later. In patients <3 years of age recruited at certain centers, biobanking of mononuclear cells will be performed. These data could yield a new insight into hematological anomalies in patients with RASopathies and thereby help physicians to determine the appropriate rhythm for hematological follow-up according to genotype.

The purpose of this study us to compare the rate of prenatal identification of abnormal fetal growth or amniotic fluid between clinical evaluation of uterine size by symphysis fundal height (SFH) measurements versus point-of-care ultrasound (POC-US) evaluation of abdominal circumference (AC) and maximum vertical pocket (MVP).

Chiari malformation corresponds to the herniation of cerebellar tonsils into the foramen magnum resulting in obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid circulation, which may eventually lead to the formation of an intramedullary cavity called syringomyelia. Chiari and syringomyelia can be responsible of variable symptoms, based on which neurosurgeons might propose surgical treatment. Yet, there is no properly developped and validated patient reported outcome measure (PROM) to assess the clinical severity of Chiari malformation and/or syringomyelia. The lack of such evaluation tool is a major issue to determine the optimal therapeutic strategy and to achieve a standardized and reproducible follow-up.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare pleural cancer, which could be primary or secondary to an asbestos exposure. To enhance our knowledge of this rare disease, an exploration of genetic and tumor mechanism is mandatory. One of the principal difficulty is to harvest sufficient tumour pieces to perform multi-omics analysis. The goal of the SCITH-MESO study is to harvest larges pieces of tumour during a routine surgical procedure of MPM diagnosis by mean of pleural biopsies during VATS surgery. Operating samples will increase a tissue bank collection (CRB).

Mullerian duct anomalies (MDAs) are relatively common disorders, with a prevalence estimated to be around 2% in the general population, and 6% to 7% in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss. Mullerian duct anomalies are associated with recurrent pregnancy loss, intra uterine growth retardation, and preterm labor and birth. The prevalence of preterm birth and pregnancy loss varies with the type of MDA. Patients can benefit from surgery or hysteroscopic interventions like metroplasty based on the type of MDA. Therefore, to optimize patient outcomes, accurate diagnosis and description of MDAs is essential. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an excellent way of evaluating the uterus for MDAs. MRI, although costly, is less expensive than laparoscopy and hysteroscopy and is non-invasive. Pellerito et all evaluated 26 women with surgically proven MDAs and found that in 24 cases MRI was able to correctly diagnose the MDAs. Therefore MRI is generally considered as a reference standard for uterine evaluation. In a study comparing MRI and endovaginal Two-Dimensional Ultrasound (2DUS), MRI appeared to be more accurate than 2DUS with a sensitivity of 77%, specificity of 33%, and a positive predictive value of 83%. Endovaginal Three-Dimensional Ultrasound (3DUS) is a relatively new technology that creates three-dimensional volumes from a series of two-dimensional images. This technique allows the user to acquire coronal or face-on-view of the uterus which is essential in evaluating the uterus for the presence of MDAs. Kupesic and Kurjak used 3DUS to evaluate 86 patients and found that it had sensitivity of 98.38%, specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 96% in the diagnosis of septate uteri [7]. Endovaginal 3DUS is less expensive, less invasive, and less-time consuming than hysteroscopy or MRI and appears to be a very promising technology for the evaluation of MDAs. 3DUS appears to be at least as accurate as MRI in the diagnosis of MDAs. In addition, 3DUS is less expensive than MRI and in some patients better tolerated. If validated using prospective studies, 3DUS has the potential to become the reference standard for the diagnosis of MDAs.

This study evaluated the change in foot alignment after TKA or HTO by prospectively analyzing the correlation between the knee joint and the foot deformity, the post-operative improvement in the foot deformity, and the long-term post-operative changes in foot alignment.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of incisional negative pressure wound therapy in preventing surgical site infections and wound complications (dehiscence) in high-risk patients undergoing complex spinal surgery.

The investigators will assess changes in breast appearance, graft retention and quality of life over one year in patients who have received direct autologous adipose tissue injection for the treatment of objectionable post-surgical breast deformities. These patients have undergone the resection of breast tissue to treat either benign or malignant breast disease.

The limb deformity in children include congenital limb malformations or acquired from the damage of epiphyseal plate which caused by tumor, inflammation and trauma. Due to the complexity of the disease itself, rapid dynamic development and the characteristics of children's growth and development, the deformities are constantly changing. In addition, the serious lack of clinical diagnosis and treatment resources in the Department of Pediatric Orthopedics has led to the misdiagnosis and improper treatment of children's limb deformities. Thus, its necessary to find an intelligent way to help doctor to early diagnosis of limb deformity and provide a proper treatment in children.

MARS is an artificial intelligence-powered system that aims at detecting common fetal anomalies during real-time obstetrics ultrasound. The current study comprises 2 stages: (1) The stage of model creation which will include retrospective collection of images from fetal anatomy scans with known diagnoses to train these model and test their diagnostic accuracy. (2) The stage of model validation through prospective application of this model to collected videos with known normal and abnormal diagnoses