Fecal Transplant in Recurrent Hepatic Encephalopathy
Hepatic EncephalopathyCirrhosisRandomized, open-label safety, tolerability study with exploratory endpoints and pathophysiological evaluation of the FMT Two groups of outpatients with cirrhosis will be randomized using random sequence generator into no-treatment and FMT groups.
Randomised Controlled Trial of Mechanistic Effects of Rifaximin in Cirrhosis and Chronic Hepatic...
Liver CirrhosisHepatoencephalopathy1 morePatients with cirrhosis are particularly prone to infection which is frequently a precipitant of hepatic encephalopathy, renal failure and circulatory collapse. Bacterial infections are of particular concern in patients with cirrhosis because they are poorly tolerated. Sepsis and associated endotoxaemia whereby bacteria produce inflammatory particles occur in approximately 40% of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and is a major cause of death. Gut-derived and blood-borne pathogens can induce an inflammatory response within the liver and spleen, which are the major organs that remove bacteria and their endotoxin (such as lipopolysaccharide - LPS and bacterial DNA itself) from the bloodstream. Several mechanisms have been identified and proposed in this process which depends upon a balance between the barrier functions of the gut and the 'detoxifying' capacity of the liver. People with established liver cirrhosis have been shown to have escape of endotoxin into the bloodstream produced by bacteria that reside in their intestines, which becomes more permeable or 'leaky'. Gut dysfunction is defined by changes in the types of bacteria within the gut and in overall permeability allowing bacterial products which would otherwise be contained within the gut to travel into the bloodstream and lymphatic system with detrimental effects elsewhere in the body. This passage of bacterial products is termed bacterial translocation, and it's effects on the liver and general immune system can be then be measured. It has now become recognised that certain types of white blood cells such as neutrophils and monocytes become dysfunctional and this predisposes to infection and may also have a more direct pathogenic role in hepatic encephalopathy. Thus neutrophil and monocytes may be a novel pharmacotherapeutic target in a condition where current therapies such as bowel aperients (e.g. lactulose) are inadequate. A therapeutic strategy utilising Rifaximin, a non-absorbable antibiotic, to modulate gut bacterial which produce ammonia, a chemical known to be important in the cause of hepatic encephalopathy, could potentially lower gut-derived systemic inflammation, endotoxaemia, infection and organ dysfunction in this population improving outcomes and prolonging transplant-free survival. We therefore plan to test if Rifaximin positively affects markers of immune dysfunction in patients with liver cirrhosis experiencing chronic hepatic encephalopathy after 30 days of treatment, as our primary research question. Positive results from this study would support further trials into the potential benefit of using Rifaximin to improve immune function, as well as reduce the recurrence of hepatic encephalopathy, in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Effect of Brief Dietary Intervention on Ammonia Levels
CirrhosisHepatic EncephalopathyStudy the impact of differing meal contents on venous ammonia levels over time in patients with cirrhosis. Patients will be given specific meals and venous ammonia analyzed over time after those meals. The subjects will also provide stool for microbiome and serum, urine and plasma for metabolomics during this one-time study. Total duration=4 hours
Acetyl-L-Carnitine In Severe Hepatic Encephalopathy
Hepatic Encephalopathy (Grade 3 of the West Haven Grading Scale)To assess the clinical efficacy of ALC in the treatment of severe hepatic encephalopathy (grade 3 of the West Haven grading scale), we performed a randomised, double blind placebo-controlled study administering ALC to cirrhotic patients, evaluating the effects on ammonia levels and performance in cognitive functions.
Metformin Experience on Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy
Liver CirrhosisHepatic EncephalopathyPrimary aim: -To assess the effect of metformin use on the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Secondary aim: -To evaluate if metformin is a safety drug in patients showing liver cirrhosis.
Comparison Between Erythromycin and Neomycin Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy
Hepatic EncephalopathyHypertension2 moreComparison between the efficacy of two different antibiotics in patients with overt hepatic encephalopathy. The study is randomized, controlled and double-blinded.
Primary Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Cirrhosis
Hepatic EncephalopathyTo assess the effects of lactulose for the prevention of first episode of altered sensorium (hepatic encephalopathy, primary prophylaxis) in patients with cirrhosis.
Early Postoperative CRRT After Liver Transplantation in ACLF Patients With Overt HE
Acute-On-Chronic Liver FailureHepatic EncephalopathyPretransplant hepatoencephalopathy (HE) markedly impacts recipient outcomes after liver transplantation. Intraoperative CRRT showed benefits but feasibility was much concerned. This study aims to observe the effect on consciousness recovery when initiating CRRT early in the post-transplant period in recipients with ACLF and overt HE.
Trial Comparing Sedation for Endoscopy With Propofol Versus Midazolam in Cirrhotics
Hepatic EncephalopathyTo compare effects of sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with propofol and midazolam on psychometric tests and critical flicker frequency (CFF) in cirrhotics
ETOS: Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Childhood and Young Adult: epidemiOlogical Study and Pilot...
Hepatic EncephalopathyThe aim of the study is: Epidemiological/observational: investigating the presence of neuropsychological and electrophysiological alterations, suggesting a condition of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(and its behavioral correlates), in childhood and young adulthood affected by pre-hepatic portal hypertension due to portal vein thrombosis, even for implementing specific diagnostic protocols. Interventional: collecting preliminary data on the effects of a probiotic, in order to implement a controlled clinical study.