Active clinical trials for "HIV Infections"

Latino adolescents are at high risk for HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and unintended pregnancies. Puerto Rican adolescents, in particular, experience disparities in these areas, yet few adolescent and even fewer parent interventions have been developed to address these important issues with this underserved population. Parent-adolescent programs are an effective approach to reduce adolescent sexual risk behavior and associated negative consequences. A web-based parent communication intervention provides an opportunity to strengthen and enhance programs that are designed for adolescents by providing additional support for safer sex decisions, and to increase parents' access to sexual health education programs by decreasing barriers that keep them from participating in these interventions (e.g., low cost, can be viewed privately, at parents convenience, minimizes competing time with work and family). The purpose of this proposed study is to evaluate a brief theoretically informed (i.e., Ecodevelopmental Theory, Theory of Reasoned Action/Planned Behavior, Social Cognitive Theory 1-6), culturally appropriate, and linguistically tailored web-based parental communication program, Cuídalos ("Take care of them"), designed to improve parent-adolescent sexual communication and reduce adolescent sexual risk behavior. Recent findings from an NIH funded R21 randomized control trial (RCT) testing a brief computer-based version of the Cuídalos program indicated that the program increased parent-adolescent general communication and sexual risk communication with English and Spanish speaking U.S. Latinos. Further, despite limited or no previous computer use, parents reported they liked and learned from the program, and that it was easy to use and accessible.

We have recently reported that older patients with HIV are deficient in glutathione (GSH) due to decreased availability of cysteine and glycine, and that oral supplementation with cysteine (as n-acetylcysteine) and glycine for 2-weeks corrects their own levels, and improves (but does not fully normalize) concentrations of red-cell GSH. We also found that when GSH deficient, subjects had impaired mitochondrial fuel oxidation and this improved with an increase in intracellular GSH concentrations. These older HIV patients also had significant increases in muscle strength with improvement of GSH levels.The current proposal in older HIV patients will investigate study if cysteine and glycine supplementation for a duration of 12 weeks will result in changes in : (a) GSH levels; (b) body composition/anthropometry; (c) strength and function; (d) quality of life; (e) mitochondrial energetics; (f) biochemistry (including dyslipidemia and oxidative stress); (g) protein and glucose metabolism; (h) cognition and memory. After completing supplementation for 3 months, GSH concentrations, strength, function, mitochondrial energetics and neurocognitive tests will be measured for a further 2 months to determine the effects of washout.

The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of cognitive-based compassion training (CBCT), a meditative practice based on Buddhist teachings, on long term emotional well-being and immune system improvement with people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV).

The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of the coadministration of multiple doses of BMS-663068 on the systemic exposure of rosuvastatin.

The purpose of this research is to measure the effectiveness of an in-person assistance intervention on successful insurance enrollment, types of insurance coverage, rates of linkage to and retention in HIV-related health care, referrals to other HIV-associated health services, and health outcomes. The study population is Black and Hispanic men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons who are at higher risk for HIV. The study team will be testing the hypotheses that in-person health insurance enrollment assistance results in positive outcomes with regard to linkage to and retention in HIV-related health care. Analyses will be used to assess the efficacy of the intervention as an emerging practice.

Youth-led strategies remain untested in clinic-based programs to achieve viral suppression (VS) and reduce self-stigma (feelings of worthlessness/shame) among adolescents and young adults (AYA) living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. In response, Project YES! will conduct a randomized controlled trial to test the impact of a theory-based intervention that places trained and paid HIV-positive youth peer mentors (YPMs) in four HIV clinics in Ndola, Zambia. AYA, ages 15 to 24 years, will be randomly assigned to either an intervention arm, consisting of monthly one-on-one and small group sessions with a YPM and optional caregiver support groups, or a usual care arm. Survey data and blood samples will be collected and analyzed to test the hypothesis that youth who are in the intervention group will experience more viral suppression than youth in the comparison group.

The non-maintenance of ART adherence is a major barrier to the achievement of optimal treatment outcomes among adolescents living with HIV. ART adherence is a challenge among adolescents living with HIV because of lack of appropriate information, their unique emotional state and lifestyles but the most commonly quoted challenge to adherence is forgetting to take antiretroviral drugs. There is evidence to suggest that short message service (SMS) reminder- interventions may enhance drug compliance among adolescents living with other chronic diseases such as asthma and diabetes. Available literature underscores the need for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of effective interventions to promote ART adherence among adolescents with HIV. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of interactive and tailored SMS reminders on ART adherence among adolescents (15-19 years) living with HIV in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study hypothesizes that the use of personal mobile phones and SMS reminders for the improvement of ART adherence among adolescents living with HIV are feasible, acceptable, and effective. A single-blind, parallel-design (ratio 1:1), and multi-center RCT of 230 adolescent living with HIV who are non-adherent to medications will be conducted over a one-year period in Southwest Nigeria. All the participants will receive routine adherence counseling during clinic visits and one SMS reminder each for follow-up appointments 48 hours and 24 hours before the follow-up visit date. The intervention group will also receive daily ART adherence reminder SMS. Participants will be assessed at baseline and during follow-up visits at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks after the baseline. Baseline assessment of participants will include socio-demographic characteristics; HIV/AIDS risk behaviour assessment, Alcohol and Drug abuse assessment, Client Satisfaction Survey, ART adherence assessment, CD4count and viral load assessments. ART adherence and client satisfaction will be assessed at each follow-up visit while CD4count and viral load assessments will be done at baseline and at 20th week. It is possible that tailored SMS reminders will mitigate the barrier of forgetfulness in ART-adherence and lead to improved drug compliance, viral suppression, and quality of life among adolescents living with HIV.

Study to assess the pharmacokinetics of plasma doravirine once daily over 72 hours following drug intake cessation at steady-state in healthy volunteers

Senegal plans a rapid scale up of HIV treatment for all people living with HIV, regardless of cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count or viral suppression. However, limited data exist on how to achieve sustained viral suppression outside of a controlled setting, and with significant barriers to effective antiretroviral therapy delivery, uptake, and adherence. The purpose of this study is to develop and assess the feasibility, fidelity, and cost-effectiveness of a universal coverage of Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) intervention among people living with HIV who are not virally suppressed in Dakar and Ziguinchor, Senegal.

The investigators propose to develop, implement, and evaluate a theory-driven parental disclosure intervention to assist parents living with HIV (PLH) to make a planned, developmentally appropriate disclosure of their HIV status to their uninfected children or, for PLH with younger children, to articulate a clear plan for disclosure to their children when developmentally appropriate. The majority of the 33.4 million individuals living with HIV worldwide reside in low-resource settings and are also of reproductive and child-rearing age. It is therefore important to the field of public health to develop an evidence-based parental disclosure intervention that can be effectively delivered to parents by a broad range of paraprofessionals. The investigators hypothesize that the proposed intervention will demonstrate efficacy in helping PLH to make developmentally appropriate disclosure to children or make a developmentally appropriate plan of disclosure and will demonstrate short, medium, and long-term efficacy in improving the well-being of parents, children, and families. The proposed scientifically rigorous evaluation includes mixed methods of data collection, a cluster randomized controlled trial, multiple data sources, and a 36-month longitudinal follow-up involving a large sample of parents, children, and providers. The intervention program to be developed and the evaluation data to be collected in the current study will inform the practice and clinic guidelines aimed at improving both parental HIV disclosure and the well-being of PLH, children and families in China and other low-and middle-income countries (LMICs).