Active clinical trials for "Hyperglycemia"

Research has shown that diets that give rise to a high glucose response are associated with a number of abnormalities like increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome mostly comprises of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance which gives an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. It also gives rise to other conditions like high blood pressure (arterial hypertension), elevated blood insulin levels (hyper-insulinemia), elevated amounts of fat in the liver (fatty hepatosis) and elevated amounts of lipids in the blood (dyslipidemia). After type 2 diabetes become clinically apparent, the risk of cardiovascular disease also rises. Research has also shown that foods/drinks which raise blood glucose levels gradually (low GI) rather than rapidly (high GI) have health benefits which include reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome. Laboratory studies have shown that polyphenols found in fruits, vegetables and plant based foods have a positive effect on carbohydrate metabolism and can lower the blood glucose levels. Therefore a lower glycemic index diet may have benefits in terms of type two diabetes and heart disease management, and as a method for weight loss. There has been some research into the effects of pomegranate on lowering blood glucose responses both chronically and acutely. Mechanistic evidence suggests that this effect could be down to the organic acids found within pomegranate juice. 16 volunteers were fed 50 g available carbohydrate from white bread (109 g), and either 200 ml water (control) or 200 ml solution (test) containing citric acid (3.8 g) and malic acid (119 mg) the quantities that are found in 200 ml pomegranate juice (Biona) as analysed. Blood glucose was measured at baseline, and at 30 - 60 minute increments over three hours. Glucose curves were plotted, and the area under the curve was calculated and compared between conditions for each participant.

This study investigates whether bread with added galactomannan, a soluble fiber, can reduce the postprandial glucose response in healthy overweight adults.

The present study aims at evaluating the anti-inflammatory effects of a novel food in older adult volunteers. Briefly, this randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study is performed on 91 apparently healthy older adults (age≥65 years) before and after 12 weeks' consumption of a snack enriched with camelina Sativa oil. Subjects were randomized into two groups (active group vs placebo group).

The aim of this study is to Measure the effect on gene expression in leukocytes from a meal rich in oat bran Investigate the postprandial glucose, insulin and triglyceride responses after intake of meals containing fiber from different sources (oat, rye and sugar beet fiber) or a meal containing a mixture of these three fibers

This study will test the effects of resistant starch type 4 on blood sugar and hunger in adults with Type 2 diabetes.

To improve glycemic control of inpatients admitted to the internal medicine wards, the researchers generated a protocol based on intensive insulin treatment for use in all inpatients with hyperglycemia. The researchers hypothesize that intensive insulin treatment will improve the glycemic control and the outcome of hospitalized patients. Study Information: All patients with a history of diabetes admitted to the internal medicine ward were enrolled in the study. At baseline, demographic and clinical information were obtained, including information necessary to determine the severity of the illness. Venous capillary blood glucose levels were checked 4 times a day by glucometer. During the pre-intervention period, patients were treated according to the common practice in the hospital without any intervention. The study team collected the baseline data on the glycemic control and treatment of patients admitted with hyperglycemia. During the intervention period, the study team visited the ward daily and guided the medical staff as to the use of the treatment protocol. During the post-intervention period, the study team collected the data without active intervention in the implementation of the protocol. Data was collected on the mode of treatment and glycemic control of all hyperglycemic patients throughout the study. The incidence of hypoglycemia, complications (myocardial infarction, stroke, infections), mortality, transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), length of hospitalization, and disposition at discharge were noted.

Physical activity helps maintain optimal postprandial blood glucose control. However, there is a lack of clear information regarding the optimal meal-activity timing required to maximize blood glucose control. By using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), this randomized controlled trial will determine whether implementing a bout of physical activity immediately before, or immediately after, or shortly after a meal is most optimal. This study will also independently examine the effects of three different physical activities: walking, standing, and circuit-exercises. Minimizing the changes in blood glucose following a meal not only reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes but also reduces cardiovascular-related mortality. Therefore, the data produced by this project will have very important implications for informing healthcare policy and physical activity recommendations.

The two gut-derived hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is secreted from intestinal cells in relation to a meal and increase insulin secretion from the pancreas. The hormones also exert effects outside the pancreas, but especially for GIP, these are poorly investigated. Because of this, only GLP-1 based drugs (GLP-1 receptor agonists) are on the market for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Nonetheless, a new drug is in clinical development: a combined GIP-GLP-1-receptor agonist (tirzepatide), which has shown better results than GLP-1 alone. The mechanism behind these impressive effects are unknown and in this study, the investigators will look into the exptrapancreatic effects of GIP and GLP-1, separate and combined and thus elucidate the mechanisms of action of this new drug class.

The study will investigate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of beta-alanine supplementation in adults with overweight or obesity. Beta-alanine is a widely used dietary supplement that can increase the amount of carnosine in skeletal muscle. Both carnosine and beta-alanine occur naturally in animal food products and previous research shows that supplementation with beta-alanine leads to an improvement in exercise performance; more recently, the present investigators have shown that increasing carnosine can also help to improve cardiometabolic health, detoxify skeletal muscle, and improve glucose (sugar) uptake into muscle cells. The investigators will recruit 30 participants (15 per arm) with overweight or obesity who meet the study criteria (this accounts for up to 20% attrition - a minimum of 12 participants per arm). Those who are eligible will be required to receive three short telephone calls and attend three laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomised to receive either beta-alanine or placebo (an inactive sugar pill) for the 3-month study period. To see whether beta-alanine supplementation is feasible in this population the investigators will measure recruitment, adherence (how well people can stick to the supplement regime), the number and nature of side effects, and blinding to the intervention. Markers of cardiac function, glycaemic control, and metabolic health will also be explored. All measurements will take place before and after a 3-month supplementation period. This will provide us with novel information of the role of beta-alanine and carnosine in cardiometabolic health; and will aid in the planning of a larger randomised controlled trial to assess the efficacy of beta-alanine supplementation as a therapeutic strategy.

Berries have been shown to improve postprandial glucose and insulin responses to sucrose. During processing and storage of berry products, sucrose is inverted to glucose and fructose. The effects of berries on the glycemic response induced by inverted sugar are not known. The purpose of this study is to determine whether berries are effective in lowering the postprandial glucose and insulin responses induced by inverted sugar.