Active clinical trials for "Infant, Newborn, Diseases"

The eyes of hospitalized infants are often assessed by dilated exam, and there is evidence that infants experience post-exam stress. Investigators will evaluate whether eye shields for infants after dilated eye exam lessen stress and discomfort.

Participants will be <= 32 weeks gestational age (GA) neonates randomized to parenteral nutrition (PN) prepared with standard dose trace elements or to PN prepared with standard trace elements minus manganese.

This study will evaluate whether applying micro drops of cyanoacrylate glue to the participant's peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) insertion site prior to covering the area of PICC line with a transparent film dressing will make the PICC dressing last longer and prevent an occurrence of PICC line moving out of its original placement. The investigators aims to evaluate whether 1) using the cyanoacrylate glue will lengthen the time to first dressing change; and 2) participants in the experimental arm (glue used) will have fewer dressing changes per week compared to the control arm (standard care) during admission.

Pulse oximetry offers real time and non-invasive estimation of arterial oxygen saturation in a cost-effective way, and has become a critical tool in guiding the usage of supplemental oxygen in sick newborns. During postnatal transition, pulmonary pressure decreases upon the activation of the lungs, and the ductus arteriosus constricts and closes upon the increase of partial oxygen pressure, which is negatively correlated with altitude. As a result, postnatal transition may be different at high altitudes. Umbilical cord blood gas analysis is now recommended in all high-risk deliveries because of its' value in providing information about preceding fetal hypoxic stress. But there are only limited studies about the SpO2 measurements during the first few hours after birth and umbilical blood gas analysis at high altitudes, especially at altitudes above 2500m. The primary outcome of the study is to determine the reference intervals for preductal oxygen saturation during first 2 hours of life stratified by different gestational age. The secondary outcomes is to establish the pH and lactate cutoff value of umbilical arterial blood gas at different altitude level.

OBJECTIVES: I. Compare nonmechanically ventilated infants who receive morphine postoperatively as intermittent intravenous bolus doses or as a continuous intravenous infusion targeted to reach a steady-state concentration. II. Assess ventilation (blood gases, continuous oximetry, and CO2 response curves) and analgesia (infant pain score) between the two treatment groups of infants. III. Compare ventilation parameters (blood gases, CO2 response curves, and time to wean from assisted mechanical ventilation) in cyanotic and acyanotic infants after thoracotomies.

The aim of this study to determine the reference ranges of LBC on gastric aspirate in healthy term newborns.

Prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) is associated with significant adverse effects in newborn infants and clinicians aim at its minimum possible duration. Failed extubation and need for reintubation is common and further prolongs the duration of MV. Hence, accurate prediction of readiness for extubation would incur a considerable reduction in respiratory morbidity. The Spontaneous breathing Trial (SBT) involves placing the infant on endotracheal continuous positive airway pressure for five minutes with continuous monitoring of heart rate and oxygen saturation levels. The infant would pass the test if there is no hypoxia or bradycardia during the trial. A successful SBT might predict successful extubation. The respiratory muscles play a crucial role in successful extubation. One simple way to quantify respiratory muscle function is the rate of relaxation of the inspiratory muscles that can be depicted by the rate of the decline of the airway pressure signal following a spontaneous breath. The hypothesis of the investigator is that respiratory muscle function assessment using the rate of relaxation of the inspiratory muscles during a SBT can accurately predict extubation outcomes either independently or in conjunction with the outcome of the SBT and the variability of the respiratory parameters during the SBT. This could increase the predicting accuracy of extubation outcomes and thus reduce re-intubation associated respiratory morbidity.

This study compares giving prophylactic IgM enriched Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) with placebo in 1 hour after birth, in neonates with risk factors of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis (EONS). In addition to the intervention, standard regimen antibiotics are also given within 1 hour. The IVIG is given for 3 days and primary and secondary outcomes will be collected. Risk factors are both from maternal and neonate origin.

Carrying (or kangaroo carrying) is known to reduce neonatal and child morbidity and mortality and improves the quality of survival of premature and term children during the most fragile growth period, the first thousand days of life. Carrying is also a growing brain protection technique and becomes a routine of care in all neonatal units around the world. In University hospital of Saint-Etienne, the developmental care program has been developed since 2002 in all neonatology units and advocates the practice of skin-to-skin carrying between the parent (father or mother) and his baby, from the time of the hospitalization. Professionals in units who have long been thinking about the concept of attachment and the benefits of skin-to-skin, wish to validate the use of the wearing scarf as a tool for the practice of skin -in-skin in neonatology then back home by performing a randomized monocentric prospective longitudinal study.

This is a mixed methods process evaluation of a programmatic intervention to integrate family planning and immunization services at health facilities in Lofa and Grand Bassa counties in Liberia. MCSP used a longitudinal, pair-matched design to monitor the effect of integrating immunization and FP services on utilization of FP and routine immunization services. In Lofa and Grand Bassa counties, 36 facilities were pair-matched to intervention and comparison sites based on predetermined criteria. After approximately 9 months of implementation, MCSP conducted a qualitative study employing key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) at intervention and comparison sites, and with district-, county-, and national-level MOH supervisors and managers.