Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare infectious disease of the brain, provoked by the JC virus. It usually occurs in subjects with impaired immune system as during HIV infection. To date, there is no specific antiviral treatment susceptible to cure PML. But it was shown in the setting of HIV-related PML, that combination antiretroviral therapy allows a restoration of the immune system and then might stop the progression of PML. The objective of this study is to appreciate the supplementary efficiency brought by an association of more powerful antiretroviral molecules including enfuvirtide on the evolution of PML. This research program will involve 30 patients in several centres in France. All the patients who will participate will receive enfuvirtide during 6 months in association with a combination of two or more potent antiretroviral drugs. The total duration of follow-up for a patient will be of 1 year.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate antiviral activity and efficacy of entecavir (ETV) compared to adefovir in adults with chronic hepatitis B who have not been treated yet with an antiviral medicine.

This study will determine the safety and tolerability of Fuzeon (enfuvirtide) used together with other treatments for HIV infection in patients with advanced HIV disease. Fuzeon is an antiretroviral drug. Unlike other antiretrovirals, however, which work against the virus once it is already in the cell, Fuzeon prevents the virus from getting into healthy cells. Patients 18 years of age and older with advanced HIV-1 infection, who do not respond to approved antiretroviral therapy, may be eligible for this study. Candidates must have a CD4 lymphocyte count less than 100 cells/mm3 and a viral load greater than 10,000 copies/mL. They will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, and blood tests, and may also have an electrocardiogram (ECG), chest x-ray and urine test. Patients enrolled in the study will be re-examined and have additional blood tests before beginning treatment with Fuzeon. They will then be taught how to self-inject the medicine under the skin and will take two doses daily (less than 1/4 teaspoon each), 12 hours apart. After the first treatment, participants will have follow-up visits at weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and every 12 weeks after that, if necessary, until 12 weeks after the drug becomes commercially available. Visits may be scheduled more often if a problem arises. During the follow-up visits, patients will have blood drawn, and their blood pressure, pulse rate and temperature will be checked. They will also report any drug side effects they have experienced. Patients may continue to take Fuzeon as long as they benefit from therapy and do not experience severe side effects from the treatment. The drug will be provided to participants until 12 weeks after it is sold in the United States.

To compare the efficacy and safety of IV tigecycline to IV levofloxacin in the treatment of subjects with CAP requiring hospitalization.

The aim of this study was to assess whether TRIZIVIR, administered twice-daily was as safe, tolerable and efficacious as a combination of the drugs COMBIVIR administered twice-daily and atazanavir administered once daily. Over the course of 48 weeks, various parameters that measure safety, tolerability and efficacy of the investigational drugs were measured and compared.

The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of the anti-HIV drugs efavirenz and lamivudine/zidovudine given to treatment-naive HIV-infected people in Dakar, Senegal.

The purpose is to determine how Drotrecogin Alfa (activated) will affect patients with blood cancers who develop severe sepsis within 60 days of starting chemotherapy in preparation for bone marrow transplant (BMT).

Use of linezolid in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in Japan

Our goal is to determine if a change in therapy to one containing Kaletra can improve the immune response in patients who have previously been immune partial responders or non-responders. We also are interested in knowing if this agent improves immune response by affecting cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) + T cell death (apoptosis) or by further inhibiting (preventing) ongoing, low-level, viral replication to levels below detection by current viral load measurements. This will help us understand why immune responses to effective antiretroviral therapy are so different and help determine some possible guidelines for managing patients with poor immune responses. Hypothesis: Patients with poor immune responses to HAART who receive Kaletra in place of their current PI or Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) while continuing their current 2 NRTI backbone will have improved immune response to therapy compared to patients who continue their current regimen.

This is a study to determine the safety and tolerability of 28 days of daily dosing of two doses (280 mg and 560 mg) of Arikayce™ versus placebo in patients who have bronchiectasis and chronic infection due to Pseudomonas infection.