Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Rift Valley fever (RVF), a disease transmitted from livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, camels) to humans more commonly occurs in the East and Central Africa (ECA) regions where more than 15 major epidemics affecting more than one country have been reported over the past 50 years. Within the region, there are specific areas, referred to as hotspots, which support RVF virus maintenance via low-level virus circulation between animals, humans, and mosquitoes. Most outbreaks originate from these hotspots. Our goal is to conduct studies in RVF hotspots in four ECA countries, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to determine the burden of RVF disease among humans, wildlife and livestock during inter-epidemic periods (IEPs) and discover circulation of undetected infectious diseases. This information is important for use in developing an early warning system and possibly a vaccination strategy. The study will take place in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Democratic Republic of Congo

Helicobacter pylori affects the gut microbiome in ways that are only partially understood. In which patients H. pylori causes severe disease and in whom it merely colonizes, possibly even with beneficial effects, is not understood. The investigators are pursuing the hypothesis that changes in the gut microbiome that can be easily measured in stool have such predictive value.

A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 clinical efficacy study evaluating nitric oxide nasal spray (NONS) as prevention for treatment of individuals at risk of exposure to COVID-19 infection.

The effects of frequency and severity of physical complaints and symptoms on general well-being, sleep and quality of life are known. However, in the COVID-19 process, the disease has very different effects, both physical and psychological, and some symptoms persist even if the disease is overcome; In addition to these, the fact that the measures taken throughout the country prompt individuals to take measures to protect themselves from the disease and make it compulsory under some conditions intertwine many different dimensions of the disease on human health and significantly affect daily life. In this context, our first aim in this study is to compare factors such as musculoskeletal problems, physical activity level, endurance and quality of life in healthcare workers with and without COVID-19. Seconder aim is to examine the relationships between factors such as musculoskeletal problems, physical activity level, endurance and quality of life, and to examine the effect levels of the parameters by performing regression analyzes depending on the result.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate efficacy of a 14-day concomitant therapy for the third-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, and whether it is safe while maintaining an ideal eradication rates.

The aim of this clinical trial is to determine, in children with multi-drug resistant urinary tract infections, whether oral fosfomycin is noninferior to standard of care antibiotics in achieving a cure without recurrence within 30 days of treatment. The The main questions the trial aims to answer are: Is oral fosfomycin inferior in efficacy to the current standard to care for multi-drug resistant UTIs in children as defined by the recurrence of a UTI within 30 days of completion of therapy? Is fosfomycin a safe and well-tolerated antibiotic in children? Participants aged ≥1 to <18 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of antibiotic-resistant urinary tract infections will be recruited and randomised after informed consent is obtained via computer generated randomisation into standard of care or intervention (treatment with oral fosfomycin) arms. For children randomised into the standard of care arm: Management will be as per physician preference based on institutional prescribing practices and local antibograms. For children randomised into the intervention arm: a single dose of oral fosfomycin trometamol will be prescribed (with dosage determined based on age). Both groups will complete a tolerability questionnaire and be subject to physical examination, pathology investigations and other clinical interventions tailored to their needs as per routine standard of care. Clinical observations and results of the investigation will be recorded on a case report form via an electronic database. A follow-up safety review will be performed 10 and 28 days after enrollment.

This prospective randomized, controlled interventional pilot trial, aims to compare the achievement of the optimal target concentration with continuously administered flucloxacillin (FLU) or cefazolin (CZO) coupled with TDM and subsequent dose adjustment versus standard of care (intermittent bolus application without TDM-guidance) in patients with complicated Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections (CSAI). The overall goal is to individualize and optimize antibiotic treatment in a very vulnerable group of patients overcoming the standard strategy of "one-dose-fits-all".

Breast milk is the mainstay of newborn nutrition, providing all the nutrients and vitamins necessary for optimal growth of newborn infants. Beside its nutritional properties, breast milk also contains bioactive factors such as soluble immune factors, antimicrobial proteins, functional fatty acids, hormones, oligosaccharides, stem cells and microbiota. Although fresh breast milk is the optimal source of nutrition for newborn infants, breast milk must be expressed and stored in some conditions. Breast milk was thought to be sterile for many years. This idea has changed with the isolation of live bacteria in the breast milk of healthy mothers in the recent past. Thus, it has been shown that breast milk is not actually a sterile body fluid, but has a microbiota of its own. This study aimed to examine the effect of storage conditions of breast milk at different temperatures on the microbial composition of the breast milk. The prospective experimental study will be conducted under the supervision of Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology Department. Informed consent of mothers will be taken. Thirty mililiter (30 mL) breast milk that was obtained from volunteer mothers will be divided into 3 samples, each 10 mL of breast milk will be stored at different temperatures. Ten mililiter will be studied for microbial composition with 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics analysis immediately, 10 mL will be stored at +4'C for 3 days and will be studied at the end of 3rd day, other 10 mL will be stored at -20'C for 3 months and will be studied at the end of 3rd months. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and bioinformatic analysis studies will be performed at Istanbul Medical Faculty Clinical Nutrition and Microbiota Research Laboratory. This present study is planned to be carried out for 24 months between January 2023 and December 2024

In the assessment of severity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the modified Brit_x0002_ish Thoracic Society (mBTS)，CURB65 et al. rules identifies patients with severe pneumonia but not patients who might be suitable for home management. A multicentre prospective study was conducted to derive and validate a practical severity assessment model for stratifying adults hospitalised with COVID-19 into different management groups.

The goal of this observational study is to compare the incidence of ARI and/or diarrheal disease associated with feeding different formulas with and without lactoferrin supplement in children of 2-3 years old. 200 children eligible for the study will be enrolled from two study sites and randomly assigned to two groups (a2 growing up stage 3 formula puls lactoferrin supplement, and Enfinitas growing up stage 3 formula) to feed for 90 days. About 160 children (80 for each group) are expected to finish the study, and data will be collected during the four visits across the study. Researchers will compare the two groups to see if there is significant decrease of the occurrence of diarrheal disease and/or acute respiratory infection for children fed with a2 growing up stage 3 formula puls lactoferrin supplement