Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

In this randomized controlled trial the investigators want to compare the effect of one-time rectal instillation of fecal microbiota transplantation, compared to a ten-day antibiotic course for the treatment of primary Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The investigators hypothetsize that the instillation of feces from a healthy donor will be non-inferior to vancomycin in inducing a durable cure.

Data regarding optimal treatment for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae blood-stream infection are lacking. Observational studies show conflicting results when comparing treatment with combination beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor and carbapenems. The investigators aim to evaluate the effect of definitive treatment with meropenem vs. piperacillin-tazobactam on the outcome of patients with bacteremia due to cephalosporin-non-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae. The investigators hypothesize that piperacillin-tazobactam is non-inferior to meropenem.

Letermovir for the Prevention of CMV Infection in HSCT Recipients Based on the Outcome of mNGS

The goal of this clinical trial is to understand varying in responses to different dietary patterns in healthy people who are getting a health screening colonoscopy. The main questions it aims to answer are: What is the variability in the change of the microbes in the gut of (1) a provided diet that is high in fiber vs (2) a diet of the participant's choice. What is the magnitude of fasting changes in glucose and lipids following the short-term, high-fiber feeding period and identify candidate predictive factors (short-chain fatty acids, BMI, sex, starting glucose level) for these changes Participants will be in one of two groups: High-fiber diet group: These participants will have a series of measurements that include: blood biochemistries, body composition measured via DEXA, anthropometrics, surveys and questionnaires, and collection of fecal samples. Normal diet group: These participants will eat a diet that is of their choosing (ad libitum) and will have a series of measurements that include: fecal samples, and questionnaires/surveys including food records.

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of single and multiple intravenous doses of BWC0977 when administered to healthy adult volunteers.

This is a multi- centre trial of children with bone and joint infections (BJIs) at eight major paediatric hospitals in Australia and New Zealand. The primary objective is to establish if in children with acute, uncomplicated BJIs, entirely oral antibiotic treatment is not inferior to initial intravenous (IV) treatment for 1 to 7 days followed by an oral antibiotic course in achieving full recovery 3 months after presentation. Children will be randomly allocated to the 'entirely oral antibiotic' group or the 'standard treatment' group.

Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can expose patients to a transient but marked immunosuppression, during which viral infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Adoptive transfer of virus-specific T cells is an attractive approach to restore protective T-cell immunity in patients with refractory viral infections after allogeneic HSCT. The aim of this Phase III trial is to confirm efficacy of this treatment in children and adults.

Safety and efficacy of ADR-001 are evaluated in Patients with Severe Pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Patients with microbiota alterations developed after being exposed to antibiotics are especially susceptible to Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI). The incidence and severity of CDI has increased in recent years and CDI recurrences (r-CDI) due to the appearance of new episodes in patients with a previous cured CDI, represent a serious and complex clinical issue. Although antibiotics are the recommended therapy for the first episode of CDI, treatment with oral vancomycin and/or metronidazole often results in significant treatment failure. In addition, the treatment of r-CDI is not adequately standardized, and although the most widely used treatment is the administration of fidaxomicin and bezlotoxumab, its efficacy in patients who already have r-CDI is not proven. In the late years, Fecal Microbiota Transfer (FMT) has emerged as the preferred non-pharmacological treatment to manage CDI with multiple recurrences and recent clinical trials have evaluated its potential efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients with primary CD infection. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of the MBK-01 medication, consisting of heterologous lyophilized fecal microbiota capsules coming from healthy donors in comparison to the treatment with Fidaxomicin, in 66 patients with primary or r-CDI.

Primary objective: - To evaluate the efficacy of oral reparixin versus standard care alone in limiting disease progression in adult patients hospitalised for infectious pneumonia acquired in the community (CAP), including COVID-19. Secondary objectives: - To determine the effect of reparixin on several disease severity/progression measures including recovery, ventilatory free days and mortality. Safety objectives: - To evaluate the safety of oral reparixin versus placebo in the specific clinical setting.