Active clinical trials for "Malnutrition"

The MAM'Out research project aims at evaluating a seasonal and multi-annual cash transfer program in the framework of a safety net to prevent acute malnutrition by children under 24 months, in terms of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in the Tapoa province (East region of Burkina Faso, Africa). The program will be targeted to economically vulnerable households with children less than 1 year old at the time of inclusion and the cash distributed to mothers. The transfers will be assimilated to unconditional ones, leading to beneficiaries' self-determination on the use that will be made of cash. This study will be designed as a two-arm cluster randomized intervention trial, based on randomization of rural villages of the Tapoa province. One arm will receive the intervention and one will be a control arm. The main outcomes will be the cumulative incidence of acute malnutrition (or wasting) and the cost-effectiveness. Anthropometric measures (height, weight and MUAC) will be measured, as well as indicators of dietary diversity, food security, health center frequentation, families' expenses and morbidities. Questionnaires and 24-hour food recalls will also be analyzed. Finally, based on a model theory framework built a priori, the pathways used by the cash to have an effect on the prevention of under-nutrition will be assessed.

This study tests the hypothesis that infants receiving milk-powder containing fortified spread (lipid-based nutrient supplement) as a complementary food for one year have lower incidence of severe stunting (poor length gain) than infants who are provided with no extra food supplements or maize-soy flour for complementary porridge.

Older patients with cancer are poorly treated or not treated at all. A previous study in the south west of France (364 patients) showed that patients receiving chemotherapy had short survival times which strongly depended on nutritional status. In this study, the researchers would like to evaluate if individual dietician follow-up at each cycle of chemotherapy increases survival of patients at risk of undernutrition.

Inadequate feeding of infants and toddlers impairs physical and cognitive development and is a major contributor to early childhood infectious disease illnesses and preventable mortality. Optimal feeding has two broad components: Exclusive breast feeding (EBF) for the first-6 months followed by continued breast feeding accompanied by complementary foods (CF) that is adequate in quantity and quality. While EBF is theoretically straightforward, CF is more complex. This is because CF is typically limited mainly or entirely to plant-based foods in developing countries worldwide. Dependence on adequate, affordable locally-produced foods for complete CF requires an inexpensive, regular source of meat especially to provide 'problem' micronutrients, notably, but not only, zinc and bioavailable iron. While the use of micronutrient-fortified CF and of supplements, including SprinklesTM, is spreading, their efficacy largely remains uncertain as does their availability, particularly on a sustainable, affordable basis Achievement of the widespread regular use of meat as a CF requires: (1) adequate local production of affordable small scavenging/foraging animals in poor rural and, where feasible, periurban communities worldwide; (2) effective communication for behavioral change/education so that young children, starting at age 6 months (when meat is readily accepted by infants), receive priority in the use of this meat. Solid scientific evidence of the value of international/national programs to achieve this goal is essential to provide the basis and incentive for major international and national programs to promote the feeding of meat as an early and regular CF. The acquisition of such evidence is the goal of this study The intervention to be evaluated is meat fed daily as a complementary food from age 6-18 months. Thirty infants-toddlers in each of 60 rural communities (total of 1,800 subjects) will participate. In a cluster design, twenty communities (test) will be randomized to receive meat,twenty communities (control) will receive a plant recipe providing the same amount of calories, twenty communities (fortified cereal) will receive a commercially available fortified cereal providing the same amount of calories. This project will be located in rural China in a county where high quality collaboration is already established, and where we have recently demonstrated inadequate bioavailable zinc intake and zinc deficiency in toddlers. We have also found a high (30%) incidence of stunting, now widely used as an indirect indicator of populations with zinc deficiency. Other advantages of this location include the willingness of doctors located in each rural community to provide the test or control meal 7 days per week in their homes and the absence of any access to supplements / fortified products which could complicate interpretation of data. The young children in the test communities will receive certified safe lean pork 7 days per wk. Starting with a very small quantity at 6 months, the quantity of lean pork will be increased as infants are ready to take more up to a plateau of 2 oz/d. No subsequent increases are planned because neither zinc nor iron requirements increase from 6-11 months to 12-18 months. Lean pork will be used because pigs are ubiquitous in China and can be maintained cheaply by scavenging/foraging on waste materials adjacent to human habitation. Test and control clusters will also receive nutrition education to achieve maximal diversification of locally available affordable foods. Longitudinal outcome measures include indices of physical growth, especially length; infectious disease incidence and prevalence; cognitive development; zinc and iron intake and biomarkers for these and other micronutrients. Zinc absorption will be measured. Data will flow daily from communities to the district hospital in Xi-Chou, weekly to the data manager in Shanghai and 3-monthly to the Data Monitoring Safety Board (DSMB) and to the University of Colorado research group.

The role of preoperative oral immunonutrition in major vascular surgery. The mean purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of post-operative infection complications after major vascular surgery in group of patients with preoperative oral immunonutrition. This group was compared to a control group. Secondary purpose was to evaluate the effect of preoperative oral immunonutrition on postoperative mortality (30 days), the medium length of stay in the hospital and the cost of treatment in the two groups

Optimizing the social and physical ambiance during mealtimes in Dutch nursing homes: implementation and evaluation of the effect with respect to quality of life, nutritional status and physical performance.

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the effect of the food bar made from api-api mangrove (Avicennia marina) and sword bean (Canavalia ensiformis) blends on the weight and Weight-for-Age Z score affected by a landslide disaster. The main questions aimed to answer are: Food bar supplementation can effect the weight and WAZ score of under-five children affected by landslides disaster? Balanced nutrition education can increase the mothers' knowledge on the balanced nutrition of under-five children? Participants divided in to two group i.e.: Treatment/intervention group consumed 50 g mangrove sword bean food bar each day during 15 days. Control group consumed 50 g sword bean food bar each day during 15 days. Each group received balanced nutrition for mothers once at the first week of study.

This study will be determine the association between periodontitis and malnutrition status in older adult.

Early enteral feeding is a key component of the management of critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation. However, enteral feeding has been associated with serious complications such as gastro-esophageal reflux, with both overt and micro pulmonary aspiration, which potentially increases the risk to nosocomial pneumonia. Many critically ill patients experience poor tolerance of early enteral nutrition because of impaired gastric motility, which leads to a sequence of delayed gastric emptying, increased gastric volume, gastro esophageal reflux, vomiting, aspiration, and VAP. Early and adequate enteral feeding in ICU patients is correlated with decreased overall infections rates, ventilator and intensive care unit (ICU) days, costs, and mortality. This study is intended to assess the efficacy and safety of the E-Motion System (i.e. E-Motion tubeTM and E-Motion EPG 1000TM) in improving tolerance to enteral nutrition by inducing esophageal motion by means of electrical stimulation in ICU patients.

This study will test the effectiveness of a weekly village distribution of canned herring for prevention of malnutrition in children aged 2-5 years old during a food-insecure time of the year in rural villages in Guinea-Bissau. The study will use community health workers to conduct the herring distribution, making this a test that will provide valuable information on what could become a practical food aid supplementation practice. The primary study hypothesis is that distribution of canned herring as a weekly food supplement to families with young children at the beginning of the rainy season will prevent a seasonal decrease in weight-for-age Z-score (primary variable) of children with mild to moderate malnutrition at baseline.