Active clinical trials for "Overweight"

Despite advances in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, its prevalence continues to rise worldwide. There is a need for new modalities to improve metabolic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes and those who are overweight or obese and at risk for type 2 diabetes. Contrary to the concerns raised about the adverse role of fructose in metabolic health, various lines of evidence suggest that fructose and its epimers may improve the metabolic handling of glucose through inducing glycogen synthesis. Recent small trials in humans suggest that catalytic doses (=<10g/meal) of fructose and its epimers (allulose, tagatose, and sorbose) may reduce postprandial glycemic responses to carbohydrate loads (i.e., oral glucose tolerance test or a starch load) in people with and without type 2 diabetes. There is also limited evidence that these acute effects may manifest as longer term improvements in glycemic control. There is an urgent need to synthesize the evidence of the effects of fructose and its epimers on postprandial carbohydrate metabolism.

The specific aims of this study are to document the co-existence of depression, low self-esteem, and high-risk behaviors among overweight and at-risk for overweight female adolescents; and decrease the prevalence of high-risk behaviors by improving depressive symptoms/signs and self-esteem through weight management intervention strategies that encourage long-term mental and physical well being. The proposed research will test the following hypotheses: Overweight and at-risk for overweight female adolescents have poor self-esteem that may mask depression and mediate high-risk behaviors; and Improved weight perception decreases participation in high-risk behavior secondary to improved self-esteem and depression.

A key tenet of this project is that of reaching translational human diagnosis and biomarker end points. To lay a foundation and make progress towards these translational goals, investigators will address the following specific aim: To determine if BMI/ obesity differentially influence expression and epigenetic signatures in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) from Hispanic compared to NHW women.

Obesity is a serious medical problem because it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus, and certain forms of cancer. The definition of obesity is based on an excess of body fat, not of BMI. However, BMI is the reference used to establish a graded classification of weight relative to height. Although BMI is widely used as a simple surrogate measure of body fat and has been shown to correlate closely with adiposity, it would be more appropriate to determine body fat percentage and to use this value for classification purposes. The present study contemplates the determination of the per cent body fat with the aim of establishing new diagnostic and therapeutic criteria according to the associated comorbidities.

The study aims to investigate the characteristics of subjects with hypertension at onset among a cohort of apparently healthy subjects, with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 Kg / m2), and free of any drug treatment at the baseline. The evaluation includes anthropometric (weight, height, BMI, waist circumference), haematochemical (hormones, metabolic and routine) parameters and the screening for hypertension with ABPM. The diagnosis of hypertension is made in accordance with the 2017 guidelines of the American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association ACC / AHA.

Assessment of resting energy expenditure (REE) by indirect calorimetry (IC) in 1400 healthy individuals for arithmetical transformation into an bedside tool to estimate energy requirements in dietary practice (BASAROTs). A multinational, multicenter, prospective cross-sectional study.

Despite the acknowledgment that physical activity is important for health, there are still few population-based or school-based studies that uses the current physical activity guidelines for adolescents. Physical inactivity was defined a less than 300 min/w of moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity practice. Previous research has shown very high prevalence rates of physically inactive adolescents and a strong association with demographic, socioeconomic and biological factors. Based on this information, the investigators are elaborating a systematic review of literature to obtain and provide more accurate information in this context.

Early STOPP project promotes good health in children from early age by supporting good habits for the whole family. Our aim is to see if we can prevent overweight and obesity in children in families where parents are overweight or obese. Normal weight parents will also be needed in this study. Background: Several daily habits lead to less favorable health factors. For example, using the car instead of cycling or walking - leads to less activity in everyday life. Individuals also eat more unhealthy foods in larger portions. In combination with genetics, social in heritage and surrounding factors this contributes to increase overweight and obesity among children not only in adults but also in children. Good treatment for childhood obesity are lacking, making prevention very important. The earlier good habits are introduced to a child the better it is. In Early STOPP project we study food, physical activity and sleep habits in the families with a child of one year of age. The height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure will be recorded in both child and parents. The parents will answer questionnaires about food, physical activity and sleeping habits for both the child and themselves. During the study, the child's physical activity will be measured. Based on our observations we aim to develop the preventive strategies for the families with very young children.

Evaluate the impact of a 12-week behavioral weight management program on body weight and quality of life. We hypothesize that participants will lose body weight and see improved quality of life after program completion.

The overall objective of this study is to investigate in depth the nature of metabolic physiology, body composition and epigenetic differences of the different phenotypes of overweight and obese individuals who are otherwise overtly healthy among the three major ethnic groups in Singapore.