Active clinical trials for "Periodontitis"

ABSTRACT:- Introduction: Chronic periodontitis (CP), the commonest type of periodontal disease, it is an infectious disease resulting in inflammation within of the tissues supporting the teeth, progressive loss of attachment and bone loss. It is closely related to several systemic diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The link between periodontal disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be due to infection and inflammation. The periodontal inflammatory state may increases the chronic inflammation present in CKD, thus decreasing renal function. Periodontal therapy may reduce inflammation and improves endothelial function. Aim:- To investigate the effect of mechanical non-surgical periodontal therapy on serum renal function markers in systematically healthy CP subjects. Objectives:- To evaluate the effect of scaling and root planing (SRP) on serum renal function markers such as urea, creatinine, bilurubin in systematically healthy CP patient and to compare the clinical parameters such as Gingival index (GI), Plaque index (PI), Probing depth (PD), Bleeding on probing (BOP), Clinical attachment level (CAL) between test group (TG) & control group (CG). Materials and Methods: - 51 CP patients; age ranging between 35-60 years was selected. Categorized equally into group I and groups II. Group I was test group (TG) included 25 patients and group II was control group (CG) included 26 patients. The serum levels of renal function markers included Urea, Creatinine, Bilurubin were measured. SRP was done in test group only. All the parameters were checked at baseline and one month after SRP. Comparisons of baseline and value after 1 month among each criterion among each group unpaired-t test and comparisons of two groups for each criterion by paired-t test.

Periodontitis is a biofilm depended oral infection. It leads to inflammatory destruction of periodontal tissues and if left untreated to tooth loss. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) is one of the major pathogens associated with the onset and progression of periodontitis. Previous in vitro studies have shown that a proanthocyanidin-enriched extract from Rumex acetosa L. inhibits the adhesion of P.g. and acts in a cytoprotective manner. Since the the bacterial adhesion to oral mucosa cells is a pivotal step for the P.g. mediated tissue destruction, its inhibition may be helpful in preventing the colonization with P.g. or its eradication in P.g. infected patients. Therefore, the aim of this controlled, randomized and double blinded study was to analyze the effects of a Proanthocyanidin-enriched extract from Rumex acetosa L. on the intraoral colonization with Porphyromonas gingivalis in individuals harboring P.g. intramurally.

Are adipokines involved in pathogenesis of periodontal disease in diabetic patients? Does their level change after periodontal therapy?

The purpose of the study was to monitor the activity of periodontal disease and suggest potential biomarkers related to active periodontal disease in patients with chronic periodontitis (PD) associated or not with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), based on the evaluation of the profile of gene expression of periodontal sites and the evaluation of inflammatory salivary proteins. Two hundred and five periodontal patients were enrolled, but only 41 exhibited ≥ 1 mm attachment loss in at least three periodontal site (active sites) 2 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy. The final sample was: 21 patients with chronic periodontitis (PD group) and 20 with chronic periodontitis and diabetes (PD+DM group). Fifteen periodontal- and systemically healthy patients were included as control group. Saliva collection, glycated hemoglobin measurement, periodontal examination and radiographs were conducted before and 2 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Radiographic subtraction was performed from pairs of the radiographs. Measurements of the areas with density loss were recorded. Gingival biopsies of active and non-active sites with similar clinical parameters were harvested for Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Array gene expression analysis. Saliva samples were analyzed by Multiplex Cytokine Profiling Immunoassay for analysis of protein expression. The clinical attachment loss mean was higher in the PD+DM group (p<0.05). There was a high correlation between clinical attachment loss and darkened radiographic areas in active sites of the PD group and PD+DM group. When compared PD group to PD+DM, patients with diabetes had an up-regulated profile. Active sites of the PD group showed nine genes (specific chemokines, interleukins and receptors) differentially expressed with an up-regulated profile. Active sites of the PD+DM group showed six genes (specific chemokines, interleukins and receptors) differentially expressed with an up-regulated profile. After periodontal therapy, there was a reduction of some salivary proteins in both periodontal groups, but not significant. In conclusion, it was possible to identify genes differentially expressed in active sites from both groups, which may be considered useful in indicating potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontitis; salivary proteins show a trend in distinguishing the standard of health and disease and may be used in the future as potential biomarkers of periodontitis with or without diabetes.

A total of 185 subjects were divided into three categories: AP group (n=85), CP group (n=50) and healthy control group (n=50). The AP group was divided into 3 subgroups according to abscess scoring (AS-PAI) based on the periapical index. The CP group was divided into 4 subgroups according to the periodontitis staging system (PSS). After recording the demographic and clinical characteristics of all participants, blood and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were taken. TNF-α, IL-10, PGE2 and NO levels were measured in these samples.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are still considered the main cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world. In the last years, efforts have been made to define more effective therapeutic and preventive strategies.Periodontal diseases have been considered a probable risk factor for CVD with a great amount of evidence from observational studies. Although there are some interventional studies evaluating the systemic effects of periodontal therapy, there is little information regarding the impact of periodontal treatment on the prevention of cardiovascular events. To the best of our knowledge, there are no randomized controlled trials published to date assessing the effect of periodontal therapy in primary prevention of CVD.

The primary objective of this case-control intervention study to explore the effectiveness of non surgical periodontal therapy on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of sclerostin in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) so as to get a more detailed insight into its diagnostic and prognostic potential as a biomarker of periodontal disease.

The purpose of this interventional study was to investigate the impact of control of systemic inflammation by scaling and root planing (SRP) on bone mineral density (BMD) in osteopenic post-menopausal women with Chronic periodontitis(CP). Out of 68 osteopenic postmenopausal women with CP, 34 participants each were included in test and control group. BMD, hsCRP and periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and 6 months.

The importance of micronutrients has been extensively reviewed and it was concluded that for prevention and treatment of periodontitis daily nutrition should include sufficient antioxidants, vitamin D and calcium. Up to now there is limited research available investigating the effect of vitamin C supplementation on the periodontal condition. Supplementation of vitamins and micronutrients has however raised numerous questions on clinical efficacy. Recently, a significant increase of medical literature on the effect of nutraceutical dietary aliments on general health has been noted. the aim of the present study is twofold. The first objective is to investigate the effect of twice-daily kiwifruit consumption as sole treatment modality in untreated periodontitis, followed after two months by initial periodontal therapy supported by continued kiwifruit consumption. The second objective is to investigate the effect of twice daily kiwifruit consumption on periodontal and systemic parameters of these periodontitis patients 3 months after treatment.

Investigators hypothesize that good oral hygiene may inhibit P. gingivalis, a keystone periodontal pathogen, entering mature dental plaque, which leads to a higher ratio of S. cristatus and P. gingivalis. Investigators will educate and train periodontitis patients following periodontal therapy to maintain periodontal health. Initial and intense education of periodontal health maintenance will be provided and the ratio of S. cristatus and P. gingivalis in dental plaques will be compared and analyzed for correlation between patient's execution of periodontal health maintenance and education tools or the ratio of S. cristatus and P. gingivalis.