Active clinical trials for "Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting"

This study is being done to determine the efficacies of two preventative drug combinations for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing neurosurgery. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of using aprepitant instead of ondansetron in combination with dexamethasone and promethazine for post-operative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis. By completing this comparison study investigators will determine the most efficacious drug combination which will allow us to enhance the overall comfort and satisfaction of neurosurgical patients in the immediate postoperative period.

Gynecological surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. NK1 receptor antagonists such as aprepitant appear to be highly effective for treating acute and delayed emesis, and yet understanding of the efficacy of different doses of aprepitant is limited. We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled study of 123 female adults scheduled for laparoscopic hysterectomy who received 80 mg aprepitant, 125 mg aprepitant, or a placebo.

Ketamine added to intravenous patient-controlled analgesia may be effective on prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting by reducing opioid requirement after surgery.

The study drug, Aprepitant, is currently used to control chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting and is also approved for post-operative nausea and vomiting. The investigators' evaluation of it in morbidly obese patients will demonstrate its ability to control nausea and vomiting post-operatively in this subset of patients.

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of 2 doses of an approved drug for a new indication in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients receiving general anesthesia for open abdominal surgery requiring overnight hospital stay.

Background: Highly selective α-2 agonist dexmedetomidine in increasingly used as an intrathecal adjuvant for caesarean section performed under subarachnoid block. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study is to determine whether low dose dexmedetomidine added to local anesthetic for spinal anesthesia will attenuate perioperative nausea and vomiting and shivering in lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) with minimal hemodynamic instability or not. Patients and Methods: Sixty parturients planned for elective CSs under spinal anesthesia were enrolled in this prospective controlled study and randomly divided into two equal groups. Spinal block was achieved with 10mg hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% plus 5µg dexmedetomidine (group D) (dexmedetomidine group) or 0.2 ml normal saline (group C) (control group). Hemodynamic parameters, incidence of nausea and vomiting and shivering were recorded. Keywords: Dexmedetomidine, Cesarean Section, Bupivacaine, Spinal Anesthesia, Shivering, PONV

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an emerging treatment modality among the various types of surgical approach to obesity (1). The incidence of PONV in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery, who did not receive antiemetic prophylaxis, is high at nearly 70-80 % (2,3). Postoperatively, bariatric patients appear to suffer from nausea and vomiting more frequently than normal weight or obese patients.

Olanzapine has been used as prophylactic antiemetic for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting. The project aims to evaluate the efficacy of olanzapine in combination with ondansetron and dexamethasone in patients at high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting, with previous history of nausea and vomiting induced by prior chemotherapy, submitted to medium and large surgery.

The investigators investigate the association between the administration of glycyrrhizin during induction of general anesthesia and the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergo breast surgery

Postoperative nausea/vomiting (PONV) is a common problem following surgery and anesthesia. There are risk factors that increase the incidence of PONV that are related to the patient, to the surgical procedure or to the anesthetic agents. At the subjective level PONV is described as worse and more feared than postoperative pain by many patients. At the objective level it increases the length of stay in the recovery room, it results in unplanned hospital admission and Emergency Room visits, and therefore increased cost of care. A lot of research work has been done to identify pharmacological agents to prevent and treat PONV. The higher the risk of a patient the higher number of these drugs are combined for prophylaxis. However, these drugs have significant side effects of their own. Much less attention has been paid to potential non-pharmacological PONV prevention options. The purpose of our study is to investigate the putative role of the natural stimulation of normal gastrointestinal function via the Pavlovian reflex. We seek to find a natural method with no side effects to improve PONV prophylaxis in patients with risk factors for that postoperative complication.