Active clinical trials for "Problem Behavior"

Mindfulness-based interventions have gained increasing popularity in recent years as effective treatment for mental illness. Mindfulness is defined as paying attention in a particular way: on purpose, in the present moment, and non-judgmentally: "Being", rather than "Doing". Such mental states can improve emotional regulation through frontal cortex inhibition of otherwise dysregulated subcortical emotion-related circuits. Formal mindfulness approaches such as mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction, have been highly effective in a broad range of psychiatric disorders. Mindfulness-oriented interventions, are potentially useful in acute psychiatric hospitalizations, since they can be delivered as group therapies and are be both cost-effective and scalable. However, such interventions have rarely been provided to patients during psychiatric hospitalizations, where patients are treated for a variety of psychiatric diagnoses, and may have unpredictable lengths of stay. Additionally, there had been concerns that longer traditional mindfulness based interventions (e.g. 30 minute silent meditation) may exacerbate acute psychosis. However, strong evidence suggests that patients with psychotic symptoms appear to be largely unaffected by shorter interventions. Similarly, MBCT have been helpful to treat other major reasons for hospitalization such as: bipolar disorder, severe anxiety, substance use disorders, and major depressive disorder. Few studies have examined mindfulness-oriented treatments in inpatient settings, including two small studies involving mindfulness groups on an acute psychiatric inpatient ward (n<10) . Another study (n=23) offered inpatients with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder mindfulness-based activities. All studies concluded that mindfulness-oriented approaches in inpatient settings were feasible, although these needed to be brief interventions, given the risks and lack of efficacy of longer MBI (e.g. 40-minute silent meditation) in severe mental illness. A cross-sectional study conducted by our team (n=40) demonstrated that brief group mindfulness-oriented lasting 10 minutes were very well tolerated by 92.5% of psychiatric inpatients. The remaining 7.5% of patients left the session before 10-minutes, but had no symptomatic exacerbations or adverse effects. Moreover, the 50% of patients self- reported improvements in general well-being and mood after a single 10-minute session. Having been recently admitted to the psychiatric inpatient or having a diagnosis of acute psychosis (75% of inpatients) did not affect patients' capacity to tolerate and benefit from the intervention. In this inpatient psychiatric population, we found that mindfulness-oriented interventions that were brief and involved physical movement (e.g. seated Tai Chi) were better enjoyed compared to other interventions. Despite the growing literature in this field, data is needed on the effectiveness and health service implications of brief group mindfulness-oriented interventions in inpatient psychiatry settings. Outcome studies conducted so far cannot be interpreted reliably due to methodological flaws, including inadequate control groups, very small sample sizes (often n<10), and lack of randomization. In Canada, the direct cost of treatment for mental illness is estimated as 42.3 billion. Much of these costs are driven by psychiatric admissions. Thus, if brief mindfulness-oriented interventions are effective at lowering psychiatric symptom severity and shortening psychiatric hospitalizations, this could lead to significant cost-savings.

This study aims at assessing the effects of glucose and different types of breakfast on metabolic and neurofunctional responses in healthy individuals. Twelve healthy subjects, on a stable diet, in a randomized-crossover fashion, received either a 50 g glucose load (control) or one of these breakfast: B1: milk (125ml) and cereals (30g); B2: milk (220ml), apple (200g) and cream chocolate filled sponge cake (30g); B3: milk (125ml), bread (50g), apple (150g) and hazelnut cream chocolate (15g). Prior and upon completion of each tolerance test, an EEG was performed to measure frontal P300-evoked potentials.

Using a public health facility Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Ghana the overall goal of the research is to examine: 1) the feasibility of implementing respectful care modules (RMC-M) in Kumasi, Ghana; 2) whether exposure to RMC-M increases participants perception of respectful maternity care in a public hospital setting in Ghana; and 3) the efficacy of RMC-M in changing midwives' attitudes, behaviors and clinical practice patterns. To achieve Aim 1, qualitative and quantitative study designs will be used to assess for reliability of implementation, usefulness, and patient responsiveness. Based on data collected, feasibility will be examined and the RMC-M will be further modified as needed prior to beginning Aim 2. To achieve Aim 2, a two group study design will be used, with one group of midwives receiving training on the RMC- M and the other not receiving any training. Participants receiving care from these two groups of midwives will be followed through intrapartum and surveyed postpartum to examine their perceptions of the care they received. To achieve Aim 3, a pre-post study design will examine whether expose to a RMC-M changes midwives' attitudes, behaviors, and clinical care of participants during labor and delivery.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of diabetes training on HbA1c, levels of depression and quality of life of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus adolescents by using the Web-Based Watson Human Care Model. Methods: The study was conducted with 30 adolescents between 11-18 years old who was followed by Child Endocrinology Department and who accepted to participate in the research. A web page was developed by considering Training Guide for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and processes of Watson Human Care Theory. Live video interviews were done with adolescents in the experiment group on 14 sessions and these interviews were recorded.

The Norwegian health authorities has initiated a three-year trial of telehealth solutions as part of the treatment of patients with chronic illness in the period 2018-2021. Within the trial, telehealth indicates that patients are followed-up outside health-care facilities using information and communication technologies (ICTs). Patients who are followed up using telehealth solutions can answer questions about their own health and/or perform measurements related to their health (e.g. blood pressure, blood glucose, oxygen measurement, weight) via a tablet according to a personalized schedule. The measurement values are transferred from the measuring devices to a tablet so that the users can easily see them and track their results over time. The results are also transmitted digitally to a follow-up service, a healthcare center with nurses, who contacts the patient when needed. The follow-up service provides medical support and guidance based on the patient's needs and planned follow-up, and will, in consultation with the user, evaluate whether the user should contact the general practitioner (GP) or emergency room. The study population of the trial includes users with comprehensive medical needs, with medium to high risk of worsening of their condition, hospitalization or increased need for health and care services. The evaluation includes three main parts: 1) An effect evaluation which is designed as a randomized control trial, 2) a cost-benefit analysis, and 3) a process evaluation which aims to provide recommendations for how to organize and implement telemedicine in clinical practice. The primary outcomes include physical and mental health state, patient experience and use of health services. The effect evaluation is designed as a pragmatic open label multi-center randomized control trial, with two parallel arms with 300 patients in each arm. Patients are recruited between February 2019 and June 2020.

In partnership with a multi-site, Los Angeles-area community clinic consortium, North East Valley Health Corporation (NEVHC), the investigators will use telehealth to integrate pediatric developmental, behavioral and mental health (DB/MH) services into primary care for low-income, publicly insured children. During Project Year 1, the investigators used qualitative methods to conduct and analyze interviews with parents, clinicians, and staff at NEVHC to assess their perspectives on the delivery of child DB/MH services and on a potential telehealth-based patient visit, coordination, and clinician education system for the provision of DB/MH specialty care in primary care settings to children ages 5-12. This data was used in a stakeholder-engaged process to customize a telehealth-based delivery system for pediatric DB/MH services that can be integrated into primary care settings. During Project Years 2-3, the investigators will conduct a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) to compare the customized telehealth-based patient visit, coordination, and clinician education system to the usual in-person, community- based referral system at NEVHC. This study will examine whether a telehealth developmental, behavioral and mental health delivery model can be an effective, efficient, and family-centered way to provide integrated DB/MH services to children in low-income communities.

In this study, effectiveness of a group parenting intervention was assessed in a community setting, for its impact on child behaviour problems and parental mental health.

Emerging adults are a particularly vulnerable group for experiencing the immediate and potentially lifelong negative impacts of habitual cannabis use, and trends suggest that cannabis use disorder (CUD) will soon escalate in this population. The proposed research will combine clinical pharmacology, non-invasive brain stimulation, and neuroimaging techniques to establish the brain mechanisms of cannabinoid-impaired decision-making processes in emerging adults with CUD. Results from this project will inform CUD prevention/treatment efforts in this high-risk group and address a growing public health concern.

This study aimed to conduct a randomized controlled trial to examine the effectiveness of ROMA therapy( Reminiscence, Reality Orientation, Music, and Art) on improving cognitive function, behavioral and psychological symptoms in population with dementia. The hypotheis of this study is that these patients with dementia receiving ROMA therapy featuring reminiscence, reality orientation, music, and art would improve their cognition, depressive symptoms, and behavioral symptoms.

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the effects of progressive muscle relaxation training with music therapy on sleep quality, trait anger, and anger expression style of patients at the community mental health center. Method: The study is conducted as the pretest-posttest control group design. The study population consisted of chronic psychiatric patients who continue in a Community Mental Health Center located in southeastern Turkey. The days when the participants came to the Community Mental Health Center were selected and the participants divided into two groups as an intervention and control group.