Active clinical trials for "Pulmonary Atelectasis"

This study was a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled, two-arm study. This study will be conducted in the First Hospital of China Medical University. the investigators aimed to investigate the effects of different inspired oxygen concentrations in lung protective ventilation strategies on immediate postoperative atelectasis and intraoperative changes of oxygenation index in patients undergoing neurosurgical surgery in the supine position.

This study will compare the effect of HFNC versus standard oxygen administration after elective esophagectomy for cancer.

Introduction: At present, the best spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) during weaning from mechanical ventilation is a 30-min test with pressure support (PSV) 8 cmH2O without positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). There is a debate about the possible collapse of some alveolar units during such SBT and during extubation with continuous suctioning. A few experiences show extubation without suctioning as feasible and safe. Lung ultrasound is a non invasive and useful exploration tool to assess the lung aeration. Hypothesis: Techniques aimed at preserving lung volume during SBT and extubation can yield higher rates of successful extubation. The preserved lung volume of each SBT and extubation strategy can be assessed by using lung ultrasound. Primary objective: To define the rates of successful extubation in two extubation approaches aiming at different levels of lung volume preservation: standard SBT (30-min PSV 8 cmH2O without PEEP followed by extubation with continuous suctioning) versus experimental SBT (PSV8+ PEEP 5 cmH2O followed by extubation without suctioning). To define the lung aeration levels using the modified Lung Ultrasound Score (LUS) of each SBT strategy. Secondary objectives: Reintubation rate, ICU and hospital stays, and mortality in each group. To define the diaphragm and intercostal thickness and thickening fraction in different levels of lung volume preservation. Design: Prospective, multicenter, randomized study. Two opposing extubation strategies are compared in randomly assigned patients.The level of aeration is assessed using lung ultrasound.

Radical operation of esophageal cancer is complicated and traumatic, and ventilation with one lung in lateral position and ventilation with both lungs after supine position requires long-term tracheal intubation and ventilator-assisted ventilation, and the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications is high.

To learn if LADS is better than VESPA at preventing atelectasis during a robotic bronchoscopy.

During induction of general anaesthesia physiological breathing stops and needs to be artificially established with facemask ventilation, and finally tracheal intubation or placement of a supraglottic airway. During the airway management, when lungs are not or only poorly ventilated, there is a risk for atelectasis. These atelectasis can contribute to respiratory adverse events (e.g. pulmonary infection or respiratory insufficiency) during or after general anaesthesia. High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is the administration of heated, humidified and blended air/oxygen mixture via a nasal cannula at rates ≥ 2 L/kg/min. HFNO used during airway management (i.e. intubation) can extend the tolerance for apnea, the time from end of physiological breathing until artificial ventilation is established. The main objective of this study is thus to investigate the variations of poorly ventilated lung units (i.e., silent spaces) as a surrogate for functional residual capacity measured by electrical impedance tomography to dynamically assess atelectasis formation and regression under apnoeic oxygenation with different flow rates.

This study was divided into two parts, taking elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia surgery as the research subjects, through factorial design: 1. It was verified that in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia surgery, innovative lung-protective ventilation strategies can reduce the occurrence of atelectasis and reduce the incidence of ventilator-related lung injury and postoperative pulmonary complications more than traditional lung-protective ventilation strategies; 2. On the basis of part one study proving that innovative lung-protective ventilation strategies can reduce the incidence of postoperative atelectasis and other complications in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia surgery compared with traditional lung-protective ventilation strategies, further comparisons were made between the two factors of "positive pressure extubation" and "improved early postoperative respiratory training" in the innovative lung protective ventilation strategy, and whether there was an interaction between the two.

Prevention of lung inhomogeneity is an essential part of preventive strategy in neurocritical care, reducing the risks of secondary brain damage from hypoxemia, hypo/hypercapnia or pneumonia.

Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) is one of the most useful procedures for diagnosing and treating respiratory illnesses to figure out symptoms like hemoptysis, wheezing, or cough. Furthermore, FOB is a frequent method, in intensive care units, for both diagnoses of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and treatment of atelectasis with bedside sedation.) Propofol is often used in anesthesia for endoscopic treatments. Using propofol for deep anesthesia may be indicated to prevent the patient from feeling discomfort before FOB and to reduce the chance of complications. Although major complications of FOB such as hypoxia and pneumothorax are known, there are limited studies showing its effects on cardiac hemodynamics. The cardiac effects of laryngoscope and intubation were investigated by using different anesthetic agents. In this study, we evaluated the effect of bronchoscopy with BIS-controlled sedation on ECG in ICU patients by monitoring the QT interval and P interval.

In anesthetized children, the incidence of lung collapse with episodes of hypoxemia is high. Diaphragmatic dysfunction induced by general anesthesia is one of the most important factors in the genesis of regional losses of lung aeration. The mass of the abdominal organs pushes the diaphragm cranially compressing the lungs in the most dependent areas. Such regional lung collapse may range from a slight loss of aeration to complete atelectasis.