Active clinical trials for "Sarcopenia"

As we age, we experience a reduction in muscle and bone which inevitably decreases strength and the ability to perform tasks of daily living such as gardening, carrying groceries, and climbing stairs. Health costs associated with aging muscle and bone loss are in the billions of dollars. With the projected increase in life expectancy, the incidence of muscle and bone loss will rise and further drain the healthcare system, with greater need for hospitalization, treatment, and rehabilitation. Without effective strategies to counteract aging muscle and bone loss, we may face a healthcare crisis in the future. Creatine, a compound found in red meat and seafood, increases creatine phosphate stores in muscle, providing increased energy during high-intensity exercise. Short-term (i.e. 3-4 months) resistance-exercise and supplementation with creatine, have been shown to have a favorable effect on properties of aging muscle and bone. However, the longer-term (i.e. 1 year) effects of these interventions are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this innovative research is to determine the longer-term effects of resistance-exercise and creatine supplementation (0.1g•kg-1) in older adults. The primary dependent variables to be assessed will include muscle hypertrophy, bone mineral and bone geometry, strength, and urinary and blood indicators of liver and kidney function. This innovative, multidisciplinary research will help contribute to the successful pursuit of prolonged independent living by improving aging musculoskeletal health for older Saskatchewan adults. Saskatchewan provides a relevant setting for this research, given the higher percentage of older adults (15%), compared to the national average (12%). We hypothesize that creatine supplementation will increase muscle mass, strength, and bone mineral density more than placebo.

The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of resistance training on the reasons (mechanisms) underlying the development of fatigue, muscle weakness and wasting (sarcopenia), and impaired physical functioning (poor balance and walking) associated with breast cancer survivorship.

The focus is healthy ageing, i.e. delaying the deterioration in health status in older adults. Loss of lean tissue (skeletal muscle) mass, a process termed sarcopenia, or bone tissue mass, a process called osteopenia, is a consequence of aging per se, modified by nutrition and lifestyle behaviour. The aim is to conduct a study of body composition, physical activity, muscle function and ability to undertake activities of daily living in older Irish men and women and to investigate the effect of a six month period of nutrient support, or nutrient plus physical activity on lean tissue mass and function and bone mass in men and women aged 50 to 70 years.

Protein intake stimulates muscle protein synthesis. From the standpoint of maintaining skeletal muscle mass with aging, it is important to optimize the adaptive response to food intake. However, a paucity of information is available describing the effects of habitual dietary protein intake (i.e. either high or low amounts of dietary protein consumed on a regular basis), on the subsequent meal-induced stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. An adaptation to a diet of several days or weeks may involve splanchnic and/or skeletal muscle adaptations that may further enhance, or decrease, the amino acid sensitivity of muscle protein synthesis after protein ingestion. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a habitual (14 days) high protein diet when compared with low protein diet on digestion and absorption kinetics and the subsequent muscle protein synthetic response to dietary protein ingestion.

Bovine colostrum is the initial milk secreted by cows during the first day after calving. Colostrum is high in protein and contains a number of substances that have potential to be beneficial for the immune system. Preliminary studies about effects of colostrum supplementation show its potential for increasing human exercise performance; however, more evidence across the lifespan is required to confirm effects and to understand mechanisms of action. The objectives are to determine the effect of 8 weeks of bovine colostrum supplementation, compared to whey protein supplementation on the following dependent variables in men and women 50 years and older while participating in a resistance-training program: muscle mass strength blood levels of growth factors and markers of inflammation urine levels of muscle and bone catabolic markers tests of cognitive ability It is hypothesized that bovine colostrum supplementation will result in greater increases in muscle mass, strength, blood IGF-1 levels (an anabolic hormone), and cognitive ability, and greater reductions in inflammation, and markers of muscle and bone catabolism, compared to placebo.

This research study is being done to see whether losartan can prevent the decrease in strength associated with aging. Muscle loss is associated with aging and has multiple symptoms such as weakness, slowness, and fatigue (tiredness). Older adults with muscle weakness have a higher risk of falls and disability. In addition, the loss of independence for older adults can lead to a poorer quality of life. Recently, it was discovered that losartan, a medication commonly used to treat high blood pressure, had slowed the strength decline seen in older mice. In addition, it allowed injured mice skeletal muscle to heal faster. Therefore, we would like to see if losartan can do the same for older adults. Losartan is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of high blood pressure, heart failure, and to protect the kidneys in diabetic patients. Losartan is not FDA-approved to prevent the decrease in strength associated with aging. In this study, participants age 70 and older will be asked to take losartan or a placebo to see if losartan can help prevent loss of muscle strength. A placebo is a substance that looks like the study drug but that contains no active ingredients.

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of therapeutic exercise and nutrition intervention for sarcopenia and risk of falls in patients with major chronic diseases. The outcomes will be analyzed regarding muscle strength, quality, and volume, etc., balance and gait, bone density, body composition, fall and quality of life after the intervention.

The primary aim of the current research project is to explore whether nutritional supplementation and resistance training might be combined to produce synergistic effects in the prevention of muscle loss during aging. A secondary aim of this project is to investigate the effects of carnitine with leucine supplementation, in comparison to carnitine supplementation alone, on muscle strength and body composition. The hypothesis is that resistance training combined with nutritional supplementation have a more beneficial effect than resistance training alone in the prevention of muscle loss during aging. Leucine stimulates carnitine transport into the muscle cells, which improve mitochondrial capacity. Modification in energetic of skeletal muscle affects the body composition and muscle performance.

This study will evaluate the adaptations in skeletal muscle that occur in response to 10 weeks of weight training with or without peanut protein supplementation in untrained men and women ages 18-30

There is increasing evidence that the acid-base balance of diet plays an important role in the health of bones and muscles. An excess of acid in the body can result in calcium loss and muscle breakdown. Potassium bicarbonate, a base supplement, can neutralize acid within the body. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of potassium and bicarbonate, alone and combined, at reducing bone loss and preventing muscle wasting in older adults.