Active clinical trials for "Staphylococcal Infections"

Given the paucity of pharmacological data on cefazolin treatment of Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) complicated S. aureus infection (CSAI), the primary purpose of this study is to investigate the probability of pharmacological target attainment (in the blood and infected tissue) with standard intermittent bolus administration of cefazolin in patients with CSAI caused by MSSA by determining plasma concentrations of cefazolin and exact Minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) of the causative MSSA strains in patients with various disease severities (e.g. critically ill vs. noncritically ill patients). Sub-study quantitative measurement of Torque Teno virus (TTV): The primary purpose of this sub-study is to describe the viral kinetics of TTV in CSAI patients and to explore the association of TTV viremia with clinical outcomes and molecular markers of activation of the immune system. Sub-study investigating antibiotic concentrations in sweat as a non-invasive therapeutic drug monitoring

This was a prospective study performed between November 2011 and September 2013. Patients with a confirmed S. aureus infection after fracture fixation or prosthetic joint infection were included. Exclusion criteria included infections involving external fixation pins, infections without any implanted hardware and culture positive patients not displaying any clinical sign of infection. The following surgical parameters were documented: affected bone or joint; type of implant; time between implantation of the device and onset of symptoms. Personal characteristics and patients'health status were also documented. Any revision surgeries involving the site of interest and all isolated pathogens were recorded throughout the course of treatment and follow-up. A follow up examination was performed an average of 23 months after discharge. Primary outcome at follow up was cure. Cure was defined by the authors as: missing local (at site of interest) or systemic signs of infection, terminated surgical and systemic therapy and restoration of joint or limb function. At the first surgical procedure after enrolment, at least four deep bone biopsies were taken from the interface between implant and affected bone. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of all growth was performed. Multi-drug-resistance (MDR) was defined according to the definitions of the European Committee of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Biofilm formation was analysed and quantified in microtitre plate assays according to protocol of Stepanovic et al.(see references).

The study EPICS-6 consists of three study phases. Emergency Department patients are screened for nasal and pharyngeal colonisation with Methicillin sensitive and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA/MRSA) using a point-of-care (POC)-PCR-testing method (cobas®LIAT®-System, Roche Molecular Systems Inc.) The first aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of MSSA/MRSA-colonisation in a routine cohort of Emergency Department patients. The second aim is to determine the impact of POC-guided decolonisation as compared to conventional laboratory testing on in-hospital infection rates with MSSA/MRSA in a pre-post-comparison study.

In patients on mechanical ventilation, it is not known whether the identification of S. aureus in LRT samples improves the performance of its nasal detection. To assess the MSSA or MRSA carrier status of patients requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours after major heart surgery: comparing the performance of the diagnostic technique Xpert® SA Nasal Complete assay in nasal swab and LRT samples.

This study aims to examine features of MRSA that are associated with chronic MRSA infection and bacterial persistence despite IV antibiotic therapy. Subjects are asked to expectorate sputum and complete CF symptom diaries both at beginning and end of IV therapy.

Background: - MRSA is a type of bacteria that causes serious health problems. It can cause severe infections and is difficult to treat. MRSA has been found in a high number of people who work with some kinds of livestock, such as pigs. Researchers want to study people in rural areas, where more people work with or around livestock. They want to see if MRSA is more common or causes more serious infections in these areas. Objectives: - To look at the relationship between livestock handling (especially pigs) and MRSA bacteria in people in rural areas. Eligibility: Participants in the Agricultural Health Study in Iowa, including those who are exposed to livestock. Healthy volunteers who are not exposed to livestock. Design: This study requires an initial visit and monthly follow-up surveys for 18 months. At the first visit, participants will have throat and nose swabs to collect cell and bacteria samples. They will also complete a questionnaire about their health habits. Other questions will ask about any work that brings them into contact with livestock like cows, pigs, or chickens. Every month for the next 17 months, participants will complete another questionnaire to record any changes in their health and livestock contact information. They will also collect throat and nose swabs. They will send the questionnaires and the swabs to the study researchers. Participants will be paid for the first visit and for every monthly survey and swab collection they return. No treatment will be given as part of this protocol.

The folliculitis decalvans (FD) is an orphan disease , common in consultation specialized on scalp. This disease is currently not curable, responsible for significant for patients. The pathophysiology is poorly understood, Staphylococcus aureus (SA) appears to play a role, never previously studied, and the study will attempt to clarify it. Controversies in the literature on the pathophysiological hypotheses can be summed up as follows : FD is it an infectious folliculitis where SA (almost always found on the lesions plays a direct role possibly aided by a lack of local immune protection , or is it a pustular inflammatory unknown cause where the SA has no direct role but is a cofactor or a simple germ superinfection. Our study has plans to bring new evidence to help decide between these two opposite but not mutually exclusive concepts .

The goal of this study is to further the investigators' understanding of community acquired methicillin-resistant Staph Aureus (CA-MRSA) and treatment of it by developing real-world sustainable strategies consistent with existing guidelines on treatment of CA-MRSA from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and test these strategies in busy primary care settings.

This is a retrospective chart review study. The proposed study aims to document the risk factors for quinolone resistance in bloodstream isolates of Klebsiella species. Additionally, the adequacy of empiric antibiotic therapy for Klebsiella bloodstream infections will be assessed.

Nasal colonization with S. aureus is a risk factor for infection with this bacterium. A methodologically well conducted study of S. aureus bacteremia showed that 80% of S. aureus bacteremia with are due to the strain isolated in the nasal level. However, as part of a study coordinated by the CHU of Saint-Etienne, less than 50% of infections in prosthetic orthopedic devices have been linked to nasal carriage . Outside of exogenous infections, intestinal colonization with S. aureus could be an alternative source of endogenous infections with the waning of orthopedic surgery. In the general population, considering that about one third of the subjects were colonized with S. aureus nasal level and 1 in 5 in the intestine However the proportion of exclusive intestinal porting is not well known . This study will analyze, among ICU patients, porting S. aureus nasal and rectal level. It will better clarify the relationship between nasal and rectal ports and the risk of developing an infection.