Active clinical trials for "COVID-19"

The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a highly variable presentation, ranging from patients who are asymptomatic or experience only mild symptoms to others with acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS) who require ventilatory support and carry a high risk of severe adverse outcomes and mortality. The most vulnerable population are older adults, usually people with chronic medical conditions and more often men than women.. Nevertheless, infection with SARS-CoV-2 can have deadly consequences even among those without any clear pre-existing medical conditions. Differences in adaptive immune responses and ensuing inflammatory reactions are proposed to contribute to the variable vulnerability to severe disease among patients infected with SARS-CoV-19. It is also possible that inter-individual differences in responsiveness of counter-regulatory hormonal and stress systems may further contribute to variable outcomes in infected patients, and that this may involve modulation of inflammatory responses. The hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis in particular is a critical regulator of adaptive responses of metabolic and immune systems to various stressors, including. Sex-differences and age-related declines in adrenal cortical production of glucocorticoids and androgens as well as responsiveness of the HPA axis and immune function to stressors are particularly in older men. Such factors may contribute to the high morbidity associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in elderly males.Among other important hormonal counter-regulatory systems, the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) is prominently and directly impacted by SARS-CoV-2. Specifically both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to gain entry into cells. Tissue distrubtions of ACE2 match to viral distributions and systemic-wide impacts of SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV beyond the lungs to kidneys, pancreas heart and other tissues. Studies in rats have shown that ACE2 is expressed in substantially higher amounts in alveolar epithelium, bronchiolar epithelium, endothelium and smooth muscle cells of pulmonary vessels of younger than older animals and among the latter group in higher amounts in females than males. Should the same apply to humans such differences may underly the predominance of symptomatic and more severe infections with both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in older than younger patients, particularly male

This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, add-on Phase III clinical study. Based on the "Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 Pneumonia (Trial 10th edition)" and according to the results of phase I and Phase II clinical studies, one dose group and one placebo group were used in this experiment. The experimental group was add-on experimental drugs for basic treatment and the control group was add-on placebo for basic treatment. The clinical study was led by the First Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and 1320 adult subjects with mild and medium COVID-19 infection were enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the Special Medical Center of the Air Force, and the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen. A ratio of 1 to 1 was randomly assigned to the experimental or placebo groups.Subjects should have tested positive for COVID-19 nucleic acid in a laboratory and developed at least one symptom of SARS-CoV-2 within 96 hours prior to medication. The administration schedule was on day 1 of the trial (intravenous infusion of Meplazumab or placebo once in the morning of D0; The dosage was 0.2 mg/kg. If the 12 common clinical symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection are not relieved.the first administration of D7, an additional dose of 0.2 mg/kg is given based on the body weight of the subjects.

The aim of the study is to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of a two-component intranasal vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19 in healthy volunteers 18-60 years old

As no curative treatment for SARS-CoV-2 is currently available, most public health measures to contain the pandemic are based on preventing the spread of the pathogen. The virus is transmitted by the respiratory route and by direct contact with contaminated surfaces and subsequent contact with nasal, oral or ocular mucosa. Although patients with symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been the main source of transmission, observations suggest that asymptomatic and incubating patients also have the ability to transmit SARS-CoV-2. Angiotensin II converting enzyme (ACE2) is the main cellular receptor for SARS-CoV-2, which interacts with the spike protein to facilitate its entry. ACE2 receptors are highly expressed in the oral cavity and present at high levels in oral epithelial cells. The mean expression of ACE2 was higher in the tongue compared to that in other oral tissues and it has been found to be higher in the minor salivary glands than in the lungs. These findings strongly suggest that the oral cavity and specifically the saliva may be a high-risk route for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, strategies reducing salivary viral load could contribute to reduce the risk of transmission. Furthermore, studies using macaques as animal models have shown that SARS-CoV persists for two days in oral mucous membranes before its diffusion to the lower respiratory tract. This offers an interesting preventive and therapeutic window of opportunity for the control of this disease. For this reason, the use of mouthwashes with antiseptics that have virucidal activity can be a simple preventive strategy that could easily be applied both by infected patients before being examined by sanitary personnel and in the general population. This study is a multi-centered, blinded, parallel-group, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial that tests the effect of three different mouthwashes (chlorhexidine 0,12%, chlorhexidine 0,2%, and Cymenol -ZnCl2) in the salivary viral load of SARS-CoV-2 measured by qPCR at three different timepoints. A fourth group of patients using a distilled water mouth rinse is used as a control. Viral particles per ml of saliva are quantified at baseline and 5, 15 and 60 minutes after a 1-minute mouth rinse with the antiseptic or water. The study aims to test whether any of these standard oral antiseptics appear to diminish viral load in saliva and could therefore be used as a strategy to reduce transmission risk in clinical and social settings.

The AstraZeneca Study is a single-arm, open-label, interventional, Phase 3b study to determine the incidence of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 hospitalizations, disease severity, and deaths and attributable adverse events (AEs) in participants in Botswana given 1 to 2 injections of AZD1222 eight to twelve weeks apart as primary series and/or 1 injection as booster dose. Length of follow-up will be 6 to 12 months, depending upon at which dose a participant is enrolled.

This is a Phase 2 global, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed to investigate the safety and preliminary efficacy of intranasal STI-9199 in adults and adolescents who are COVID-19 positive with mild to moderate symptoms.

An open label, randomized, dose comparison, sequential cohorts study design in healthy volunteers (young adults) is a frequently used design in vaccine Phase 1 studies. ACM-001 is developed as a booster vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after a full primary vaccination with or without 1-2 booster doses (2 or 3 or 4 doses) schedule with any registered and commercial SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The plan is to start with a low dosage of antigen alone, followed by a combination of antigen and adjuvant and then to progress to higher dosages to define the safety profile of the candidate vaccine as primary endpoint, and its immunogenicity as secondary endpoint.

The purpose of this study is evaluate the feasibility, safety and potential efficacy of an advanced cell therapy product for the treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

The primary objective of this study is to determine whether intranasal application of aminoglycoside (Neosporin) increases local nasal innate immune responses compared to placebo control in healthy participants.

This is a phase 2a, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled, dose escalation study in adult subjects with COVID-19 pneumonia. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the overall safety of F-652 in COVID subjects in order to identify safe dose(s) for future studies with adequate patient numbers to demonstrate clinical efficacy.