Active clinical trials for "Hypertrophy"

Rationale: The consumption of dietary protein immediately after exercise is necessary to maximally stimulate muscle protein synthesis rates (24, 37). Recent work suggests that the type of protein consumed (e.g., animal vs. plant-derived proteins) during post-exercise recovery can affect the amplitude of acute increases in muscle protein synthesis rates (25, 31). Specifically, consumption of bovine milk proteins immediately after a single bout of resistance exercise stimulates muscle protein synthesis rates greater than consumption of an isonitrogenous soy-protein beverage (31, 37). Importantly, consumption of milk promotes greater hypertrophy than soy after resistance training (10). Thus, it is generally assumed that the acute muscle protein synthetic response predicts long-term training outcomes, such as hypertrophy. Currently, a great amount of work has been carried out to study the effects of consuming milk proteins on muscle protein synthesis rates after resistance exercise (5, 7, 26, 32). However, very little is known about the effects of other types of high-quality animal proteins, such as beef, on stimulating post-exercise muscle protein synthesis rates. Further describing the muscle protein synthetic response after consumption of other types of high-quality animal proteins will provide valuable information for individuals with milk allergies, lactose intolerance, or simply a strong dislike of dairy products. Objective: To investigate whether the in vivo post-resistance exercise muscle protein synthetic response is augmented when minced beef is ingested as compared to an isonitrogenous-matched milk protein beverage in healthy young men. Study design: Crossover, randomized Study population: 12 healthy young males (18-35 y). Intervention: Subjects will perform resistance exercise and consume either a piece of meat (135 grams, 35 g of protein) or an isonitrogenous-matched milk protein beverage on two separate test days. In addition, continuous intravenous tracer infusions will be applied, with plasma and muscle samples collected. A two week 'wash-out' period will be included between trials. Main study parameters/endpoints Primary endpoint: Muscle protein synthetic rate, expressed as fractional synthetic rate (FSR). Secondary endpoints: Rate of protein digestion and absorption and whole body protein balance.

The overall aim of this project is to establish potential benefits of a novel lifestyle (physical activity and dietary nitrate) and pharmacological (angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor) interventions in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). HCM is the most common genetic cardiovascular disease with a broad spectrum of disease severity. Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor reduces death, hospitalisation, and may improve cardiac function and exercise tolerance in heart failure. Exercise training is associated with a significant increase in exercise tolerance, but appear to have limited effect on measures of cardiac morphology or function in patients with HCM. Dietary supplementation with inorganic nitrate (i.e. concentrated nitrate-rich beetroot juice) improves exercise capacity, vasodilatation and cardiac output reserves while reduces arterial wave reflections, which are linked to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and remodelling. Using a five-centre, open label, three-arm, pilot design, the present study will evaluate the effect of lifestyle (physical activity and dietary supplementation with inorganic nitrate) and pharmacological (angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril / valsartan) interventions in patients with HCM. The Aim is to examine whether these interventions improve functional capacity, clinical phenotypic characteristics, and quality of life in patients with HCM.

Studies in animals have shown that beta2-adrenoceptor activation with selective agonists regulates protein metabolism and muscle growth in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue. These effects may be mediated by cAMP/PKA dependent activation of several downstream sites that modulate protein synthesis and breakdown. While the role of beta2-adrenoceptor signaling is well-described in animals, it is inadequately explored in humans. The purpose of the study is thus to investigate the effect of chronic beta2-adrenergic stimulation (cAMP/PKA-signaling) on muscle hypertrophy.

Aims and objectives: The primary objective of this study is to assess whether a structured exercise program improves cardiac relaxing properties in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Background: HCM is a hereditary disease in which the myocardium becomes thickened without an identifiable cause (other than genetic). It is the most common genetic cardiovascular disease with an estimated prevalence of 1/500 (i.e. 10.000 affected individuals in Denmark). The majority of patients with HCM suffers from shortness of breath and reduced exercise capacity due to increased left ventricular (LV) stiffness. Exercise training has been shown to improve exercise capacity and symptoms in patients with HCM, but the mechanisms responsible for this improvement are not known. Methods and materials: The study is a randomized, single blinded, prospective, controlled clinical trial. Eighty patients are recruited from outpatient clinics in the Capital Region of Denmark. Patients are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to 12 week of moderate-intensity exercise training or usual activity level. Assessments will include right heart catheterization, echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, blood-samples, quality of life, and, in a subgroup of patients, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The primary end-point is change in LV filling pressure assessed as pulmonary capillary wedge pressure at 25 W workload. Expected outcome and perspectives: The investigators hypothesize that an exercise training program will reduce cardiac stiffness and improve symptoms in patients with HCM. Training of HCM patients has long been debated and the topic is poorly researched. The effects of exercise on hemodynamics in HCM patients are unknown and a better understanding of these mechanisms is pivotal for improving treatment.

Chronic resistance training has been shown to increase muscle cross-sectional area, volume and strength. Individuals participating in a resistance training program may wish to consume protein supplements to aid recovery and maximise adaptation. Furthermore, antioxidants have been shown to aid recovery from acute bouts of exercise. However, the effect of antioxidants combined with protein on long term-training adaptation is not fully understood. This study will combine measures of muscle size, muscle strength and function, and the underlying changes in muscle metabolism in order to assess the effect of consuming a combined protein-antioxidant supplement during a 30 session resistance training program.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating medical problem that affects thousands of civilian and military personnel in the United States. Spinal cord injuries (SCI) predispose individuals to impaired fitness, obesity, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, placing them at greater risk for diabetes and coronary artery disease. These are devastating problems that occur frequently because of changes in body composition and reduced level of physical activity. Skeletal muscle wasting plays a central role in altered metabolism after SCI. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is an effective rehabilitation tool that has been used to train the paralyzed skeletal muscles and which has shown some ability to ameliorate the deleterious effects of SCI on metabolism, particularly on insulin sensitivity. However, its ability to reverse skeletal muscle wasting is modest; most studies report limited gains in muscle mass and workload with highly variables outcomes from one study to another. This proposal was stimulated by the findings that a program of neuromuscular electrical stimulation resistance exercise prior to initiating functional electrical stimulation lower extremity cycling (FES-LEC) improves the gains in muscle mass and workload observed with FES. The specific objectives for the current proposal are to compare the impact of FES following evoking skeletal muscle hypertrophy of the lower extremity versus initiating FES cycling without introducing the hypertrophy effects on insulin sensitivity, control of blood sugar levels, oxygen uptake and amounts of muscle tissue and fat deposition. These studies could potentially have significant effects on thousands of people that will experience an SCI in the future as well as those living with SCI where prolonged paralysis is a major quality of life issue. There is a major need to investigate the mechanisms lead to maximize the benefits of FES applications and to understand cellular or molecular events that are associated with muscle hypertrophy and lead to promoting metabolic health after SCI. The designed study will provide a greater understanding regarding utilization of energy sources (like fats and sugars) in muscle

Post-resistance training high protein milk supplementation may be a viable method to elicit muscular gains. The investigators hypothesis is that high protein milk supplementation would improve skeletal regulatory markers, hormonal responses and body composition in resistance-trained men.

The purpose of this study is to compare the ability of isocaloric and isonitrogenous (2 x 15-gram) doses of rice protein or whey protein to stimulate resistance training adaptations in young, healthy, resistance-trained men.

Eggs may be a viable alternative to various types of supplemental proteins given its similar ratings on various measures of dietary protein quality. The investigators hypothesis is that whole eggs would create a greater improvement in skeletal regulatory markers, hormonal responses and body composition than egg white ingestion in resistance-trained men.

The purposes of this study are to: Learn about the safety of CK-3773274 after a single dose and multiple doses in healthy subjects. Learn how healthy subjects tolerate CK-3773274 after a single dose and multiple doses. Find out how much CK-3773274 is in the blood after a single dose and multiple doses. Determine the effect of doses of CK-3773274 on the pumping function of the heart. Evaluate the effect of cytochrome genetic variants on how the body metabolizes CK-3773274. Evaluate the effect of a meal on how much CK-3773274 is in the blood in healthy adult subjects. Evaluate whether the amount of CK-3773274 in the blood is the similar for both the tablet and granules in capsule forms of the drug.