Active clinical trials for "Overweight"

Children and adolescents with overweight and obesity are predisposed to significant health problems. It is known that childhood obesity can adversely affect almost every organ system, and if left untreated, the major impact of childhood overweight is likely to be felt in the next generation of adults. The aim of " Kijk op overgewicht bij kinderen" is to collect and follow-up longitudinal data from a population of different degrees of children with overweight regarding etiological factors, risk factors and early stages of chronic disease in different degrees of childhood overweight.

Microalbuminuria and homocysteine levels are shown to be markers for endothelial dysfunction and subclinical organ damage and predictors of cardiovascular risk in several epidemiologic and randomized clinical trials. Carotis intima-media thickness is also found to be elevated in early stages of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have shown correlations between homocysteine, microalbumin levels and carotis intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetics but no data exists for obese or overweight patients who also have metabolic syndrome, in terms of markers of subclinical organ damage. Since obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and since it is known that patients with metabolic syndrome are at higher risk of cardiovascular events, the investigators wanted to examine whether there is an association between homocysteine, microalbumin levels and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with or without metabolic syndrome, who are either overweight or obese.

Dietary pulses, more commonly known as "legumes", are generally recognized as healthy components of the diet. Canada's Food Guide encourages consumptions of meat alternatives, such as beans "more often"; and the dietary guidelines for Americans both recommend consumption of 3 cups of legumes per week. However, there still remain insufficient information on the usefulness of these foods in protecting heart health. To improve evidence-based guidance for non-oil-seed pulse recommendations, the investigators propose to conduct a systematic review of clinical studies to assess the effect of eating pulses in exchange for other foods on measures of heart disease risk and blood sugar control in humans. The systematic review process allows the combining of the results from many small studies in order to arrive at a pooled estimate, similar to a weighted average, of the true effect. The investigators will be able to explore whether eating pulses has different effects between men and women, in different age groups, in people with high or normal sugar or blood fat levels, and whether or not the effect of pulses depends on how much/often they are eaten. The findings of this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of Canadians through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of heart disease and diabetes.

A prospective, multicenter, open-label, post-approval study of the safety and effectiveness of ORBERA36 as a 12-month adjunct to weight reduction for obese adults (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 and BMI ≤ 50 kg/m2) or for pre-surgical weight reduction in obese and super-obese adults (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 or ≥ 35 kg/m2 with comorbidities).

The main objective of the study is to assess the serum levels of progranulin and FAM19A5 protein in adults with metabolic syndrome.

The Nordic Diet is a dietary pattern rich in traditional Nordic foods, including berries, grains, and fatty fish common in northern Europe. Studies have shown a protective effect of the Nordic Diet on cardiometabolic risk factors, however only select clinical practice guidelines for the management of diabetes (i.e. Diabetes Canada) recommend this dietary pattern. To support the update of the EASD clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy, the investigators propose to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and clinical trials to investigate the association between the Nordic Diet, cardiometabolic outcomes and cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality. The findings generated by this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of consumers through informing evidence-based guidelines and improving health outcomes by educating healthcare providers and patients, stimulating industry innovation, and guiding future research design.

Although there is increasing evidence that low physical fitness is a risk factor for many non-communicable diseases, the early identification of subjects at risk remains inadequate due to the absence of clear anamnestic and clinical criteria. Defining physical fitness. For the same reason, the monitoring of subjects following lifestyle interventions remains suboptimal. The aim of this study is to develop a simple field tool to non-invasively assess global physical fitness in overweight patients participating to a physical activity program. Male and female overweight subjects referred to a physical activity intervention by their primary care physician will be included. Within this program, they will take part to 2 weekly supervised activity sessions during which participants will be instructed by a specialist in adapted physical activity, and 2-3 weekly session of unsupervised physical activity which will be performed according to detailed instructions regarding intensity and duration. In addition, participants will take part to teaching sessions in group of 4-6 patients, addressing the effects of physical activity on metabolism, contra-indications to physical activity, self-monitoring of exercise, and prevention of injuries Their physical fitness will be assessed at inclusion (ie before starting the exercise program) and at the end of the 3-month program. This will be done by calculating a Global Fitness Score (GFS) based on performances attained and cardiovascular responses observed during physical exercises (3 min step test with measurement of heart rate and blood pressure, number of time subject can stand from a chair within 1 min., handgrip strength measure, "reach-test" to assess osteo-articular mobility of back and hips, balance test). Results obtained from this GFS will be compared to maximal power output calculated from a submaximal spirometry at 25, 50, 75 and 100 W M.

Before and after study in obese women 25-35 years old, BMI 30-35, taking Strath® Kräuterhefe Original (liquid), Herbal Yeast Food Supplement for three weeks. At the beginning and after three weeks of the study a stool sample is provided. These samples are analysed with 16S rRNA analysis down to species level.The results are interpreted with the PICRUSt classification and Alpha Diversity Analysis and compared to internationally accepted data bases.

Abstract: Background: Obesity is a global pandemic affects all age groups and is independent risk factors for most chronic diseases. Dietary intervention is an essential component of obesity management. Dietary fibre supplements have the potential to facilitate weight reduction based on their viscosity. Up to date, the evidence of effects of some fibres on weight is inadequate, and literature provides insufficient information about the effects of the fibre viscosity in weight management. Objective: Two systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of viscous fibres, (agar, alginate, b-glucan from oat and barley, guar gum, glucomannan, pectin, PGX, psyllium), on body weight reduction. Methods: Only randomised controlled trials are accepted. The trails must have one of the selected fibres as a supplement, and the outcomes must have body weight, BMI, waist circumference, or body fat percentage. Studies shorter than 4 weeks are excluded. Three databases, (Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane library), were searched through 04/03/2016. Results: After removing duplicates, 82 studies will be reviewed in full. Significance: This meta-analysis is the first meta-analysis that is based on fibre viscosity, and it will quantify the effect of each fibre in improving weight loss. It will also direct future research in the best direction to further explore this area.

Since uncontrolled observational studies first linked fructose to the epidemic of obesity almost a decade ago, it has become a focus of intense concern regarding its role in the obesity epidemic. Despite the uncertainties in the evidence,the recommendations of international health organizations have cautioned against moderate to high intakes fructose-containing sugars, especially those from sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs). To improve the evidence on which nutrition recommendations are based, the investigators propose to study of the effect of fructose-containing sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs)on body weight, by undertaking a systematic synthesis of the data taken from all available clinical studies in humans. This technique has the strength of allowing all of the available data to be pooled together and differences to be explored in groups of different study participants (healthy humans of different sex, weight, and age and in those with diseases which predispose to disturbances in metabolism, such as diabetes) with dietary fructose in different forms, doses, and with differing durations of exposure. The findings generated by this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of consumers through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.