Active clinical trials for "Syndrome"

This research project seeks to implement an early intervention program that can be effective in the prevention of Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) and infant abuse. Our hypothesis is that the Period of PURPLE Crying intervention program can reduce shaking and abuse of infants through changes in knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about early infant crying, especially inconsolable crying. In this 3-year project, we will implement and evaluate an intervention program in selected prenatal classes, hospitals, and primary care pediatric practices. In this randomized, controlled trial, we will enroll a total of 3000 women/families who are about to give birth or have just given birth to a healthy infant. At each of the three sites (newborn nursery, pediatrician offices and prenatal classes), we will enroll 1000 subjects. Half of all subjects will receive intervention materials (a video, pamphlet and bib/burp cloth) about infant crying. The other half, the control group, will receive comparable materials on infant safety. All subjects will be asked to complete a brief questionnaire at the time of enrollment (pre test), review the materials they receive, complete the Baby's Day Diary for 4 days when the infant is 5 weeks of age and complete a telephone questionnaire (post test) when the infant is 8 weeks of age.

This study will try to determine what causes learning, behavioral and emotional problems in children with chronic granulomatous disease (GCD) and other phagocyte disorders. (Phagocytes are a type of white blood cell.) Children with these disorders have frequent severe infections that require hospitalization, sometimes for long periods of time. Many of them also have problems with school, learning, behavior, anxiety and depression. This study will explore whether these latter problems are a direct result of the illness itself or are a consequence of frequent, long hospitalizations, or are due to other factors. Test findings in these children will be compared with those of children with cystic fibrosis-another disease that causes frequent infections requiring prolonged hospitalization. Patients age 2 or older with GCD or other phagocytic disorders or cystic fibrosis may be eligible for this study. Participants (or a parent or guardian) will complete questionnaires including personal information such as age, gender and marital status, a family medical history, and information on their illness. Patients will be given various psychological and intelligence tests, and they and their parents or guardians will be interviewed by a child psychiatrist. The tests and interviews take a total of about 5 hours and are given in two or three separate sessions. The tests may reveal problems such as learning disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, or depression. If any of these problems are identified, appropriate referrals will be made for specialized services, such as special school placement, tutoring, or counseling.

Although most patients with hypercortisolism can be diagnosed and treated the long-term effects of hypercortisolism and its treatment are unknown. This study will attempt to answer the following questions: What is the rate of perioperative complications? Patients with Cushing syndrome often undergo transsphenoidal surgery of the pituitary gland as treatment for the disease. During this surgical procedure the pituitary gland is reached by passing through the sphenoid bone. The risk for patients to develop hypopituitarism in the immediate postoperative period is unknown. Patients with Cushing syndrome have abnormal levels of hormones circulating in the blood and affects of the surgery are often not apparent until long after the procedure. What is the recurrence rate? The recurrence rate of the disease has been estimated between 5 - 10%. However, these figures have not been confirmed. If the actual rate of recurrence is higher than estimated many patients may elect to undergo radiation therapy which has a lower rate of recurrence. Do any factors in the immediate postoperative period predict who will experience a recurrence of Cushing syndrome? What are the long-term complications of hypercortisolism? Studies have shown that patients with hypercortisolism have a four times greater risk of death than people of the same age without hypercortisolism. Researchers tend to believe this figure is too high. However, it is well established that hypercortisolism weakens bones (decreased bone density), causes secondary hypogonadism, increases levels of fat in the blood (hyperlipidemia), and decreases thyroid function (hypothyroidism). The potential for these conditions to be reversed is not known. These questions will be addressed by blood and urine sampling in the postoperative period, and by outpatient follow-up and periodic questionnaires in the first 10 years after curative surgery for Cushing syndrome performed at the NIH.

Prone position ventilation was used 220 times in 44 out of 68 patients with severe COVID-19 induced ARDS treated with VV-ECMO. PPV treated patients did not benefit from PPV and the incidence of PPV related adverse events was high

Complicated alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) increases morbidity and mortality of hospitalized, medically ill patients. The Psychosomatic Medicine Service is commonly consulted to assist in the management of these patients when admitted to medical/surgical units. During the last 15 months, the investigators have implemented a benzodiazepine-sparing management approach with very positive clinical outcomes. The BZDP-sparing protocol consists of a combination of alpha-2 agonist and/or anticonvulsant agents; all currently being used for the management of other medical conditions. This project intends to collect and analyze the data of all subjects managed with this approach to better understand its effectiveness and assess for potential adverse effects.

POLYTHESE® study is a retrospective, observational, multicentre, case series which examine short and long-term outcomes of using POLYTHESE®. This study will be done on Real World Data to describe the safety and performance of the device. PMCF Study.

Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder in which there is loss of all or part of the second X chromosome and occurs in 1/2500 live female births. TS is characterized by short stature and endocrine abnormalities, such as the loss of ovarian function (Gonadal dysgenesis) and estrogen deficiency. The absence of pubertal development is one of the most common clinical features of patients with TS, who should have experienced a sex hormone surge if the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis was activated normally . Gonadarche and adrenarche are regarded as processes that are independent of each other. The function of adrenal gland is independent of true (central/complete/gonadotropin- dependent) puberty . Adrenal androgen in Turner syndrome shows a wide spectrum, ranging from normal to highly elevated. X-linked genes affect the brain in at least two ways: by directly acting on the brain and by indirectly acting on the gonads to induce differences in specific gonadal secretions (i.e., hormones) that have specific effects on brain development. The changes in brain and behavioral/ cognitive phenotypes in TS individuals may be the result of a direct genetic factor, an indirect hormonal factor, or a combination of the two factors . To evaluate direct effect of X chromosome, a lot of neuroimaging studies have revealed both neuroanatomical and neurofunctional changes in patients with TS. S. C. Mueller (2013) reported that oestrogen deficiency exhibits paradoxical healthy male-like patterns (i.e., a larger amygdala but reduced hippocampal volume). This finding confirms the indirect hormonal effect on the brain that are likely attributed to the effect of androgen on the brain or may be due to active role of estrogen in feminization of brain . The cognitive phenotypes of TS include severe deficits in multiple cognitive domains: visual-spatial ability, mathematical processing, and social cognition. Regarding intelligence, numerous TS studies have a lower performance IQ in contrast to a within-normal verbal IQ in TS individuals . The presence of hypogonadism with normal or may be elevated adrenal function in girls with turner syndrome provide a model to study the hormonal effect of adrenal androgen in absence of estrogen on gender-role behavior. Ehrhardt et al (1970) reported that Women with TS are described as clearly feminine in their behavior and interests . To the best of our knowledge, there have been no previous studies on the correlation between level of adrenal androgen and gender-typed behavior in Girls with TS.

Retrospective monocentric registry to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different anticoagulants in patients with thromboembolic antiphospholipid syndrome

The overall objective of this study is a) to increase knowledge about ICU patient's symptoms and symptom clusters during the first week after ICU discharge, and b) to identify cognitive, psychological, and physical symptoms and health state at hospital discharge.

For therapy of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature babies, there are several established options. An important therapeutic aspect is the tracheal administration of exogenous surfactant into the child's lung. In the recent years, several methods have been developed. The methods differ in the selected ventilation mode (intubation with mechanical ventilation vs. Continous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)-supported spontaneous breathing) and in the way in which the application of surfactant is technically conducted (via endotracheal tube, endotracheal catheter or nebulization). In selection of ventilation technique, there is an upcoming trend towards less invasive respiratory support via CPAP. While this may increase the rate of complications on the one side (i.e. pneumothorax), it shows much lower oxygen demand and a shorter need for mechanical ventilation on the other side. In the selection of the administration technique, different methods were repeatedly developed to adapt the surfactant administration to the CPAP therapy. In this study, a newly developed and in the European Community now certified (CE-Mark) application aid (Neofact) will be tested for the first time on preterm infants, to verify the feasibility.